Nonlinear effects of wind on Atlantic ocean circulation

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a system of ocean currents that transports warm, salty water from the tropics to the northern Atlantic. As the water cools, it becomes denser and sinks, in a process ...

Health impacts of air pollution from Australian megafires

From October 2019 to February 2020, fire ripped through the Australian bush with unprecedented intensity, killing 34 people and more than 3 billion animals. In a new study, Graham et al. seek to quantify the health impacts ...

The AI forecaster: Machine learning takes on weather prediction

According to a 2009 study, U.S. adults look at weather forecasts nearly 300 billion times a year. Reliable forecasts can predict hazardous weather―such as blizzards, hurricanes, and flash floods―as early as 9–10 days ...

Converting auroral observations into 3D structures

A persistent obstacle to a more complete understanding of Earth's auroral activity is characterizing the structure of auroral arcs in 3D. In situ observations, such as spacecraft transits, can directly observe only a narrow ...

Modeling mulch to understand agricultural soil

Ensuring appropriate access to water is a key concern for farmers. Crops can underperform, or even die, in the presence of too little or too much water. But soil's ability to retain water is a complex process that depends ...

What fault surface features can tell us about future earthquakes

Earthquakes cannot be forecast like weather, but fault line characteristics, such as structural maturity, can give hints about how a future earthquake may act. Structural maturity is related to the age of the fault, but especially ...

COVID-19 lockdowns lessened global lightning activity

Global lightning activity dropped almost 8% during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdowns, according to new research being presented at the AGU Fall Meeting 2021 in New Orleans. The cause of the drop appears to be a connection between ...

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