Rutherfordium is a synthetic, highly radioactive transition metal with atomic number 104, belonging to group 4 of the periodic table alongside titanium, zirconium, and hafnium. It is produced in heavy-ion fusion reactions, typically by bombarding actinide targets with lighter ions, and has no stable isotopes; its known isotopes exhibit short half-lives, constraining experimental investigation. Research on rutherfordium focuses on relativistic quantum-chemical effects, gas-phase and aqueous chemistry, and the validation of periodic trends in the transactinide region, often using atom-at-a-time techniques such as rapid chemical separation coupled with online alpha-spectroscopy to probe its oxidation states and complex formation behavior.
An international team of researchers led by the University of Massachusetts Amherst has tracked changes in more than 114,000 rivers in High Mountain Asia over a 15-year period. The paper, published in AGU Advances, reported ...
Earth Sciences
Aug 13, 2025
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More than 514 million years ago, long before dinosaurs roamed Earth, sponge-like creatures called archaeocyathids were already busy building some of the planet's earliest reefs—just north of Death Valley in present-day Nevada.
Evolution
Jun 12, 2025
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88
A team of researchers from GSI/FAIR, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, and the Helmholtz Institute Mainz has succeeded in exploring the limits of the so-called island of stability within the superheavy nuclides more precisely ...
General Physics
Jan 15, 2025
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70
Summer heat has significant effects in the mountainous regions of the western United States. Melted snow washes from snowy peaks into the rivers, reservoirs, and streams that supply millions of Americans with freshwater—as ...
Planetary Sciences
Oct 29, 2024
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