Oxidation and reduction are complementary electron-transfer processes that underpin redox chemistry and many biological and industrial transformations. Oxidation is defined as the loss of electrons, an increase in oxidation state, or, in many covalent systems, gain of electronegative substituents (e.g., oxygen) or loss of electropositive ones (e.g., hydrogen). Reduction is the gain of electrons, a decrease in oxidation state, or the converse change in bonding pattern. In any redox reaction, electrons are conserved and transferred from a reductant (electron donor) to an oxidant (electron acceptor), often mediated by redox couples, half-reactions, and characterized quantitatively by standard reduction potentials.
Rising CO₂ emissions are accelerating global warming and climate change. But what if scientists could repurpose excess CO₂ into a potential energy source?
Nanomaterials
Dec 11, 2024
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30
An international team of scientists has published a study highlighting the potential role of iron sulfides in the formation of life in early Earth's terrestrial hot springs. According to the researchers, the sulfides may ...
Astrobiology
Nov 28, 2024
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58
Water splitting—breaking water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen—is a promising pathway to sustainable energy. However, this process has long been challenged by the slow chemical kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction ...
Condensed Matter
Nov 25, 2024
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119
Researchers at the University of Kentucky have a better understanding of the regulation of extracellular vesicles by oxidative stress and how these vesicles spread oxidative stress and may damage neurons. Extracellular vesicles ...
Bio & Medicine
Jul 23, 2024
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88
A new study shows how organic molecules greatly influence the redox potential of gold nanoparticles, with differences up to 71 mV. Using experiments and computer simulations, the study highlights the important role of capping ...
Nanophysics
Jul 17, 2024
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106
The electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide into high-value chemicals and fuels offers a promising strategy for addressing the global energy crisis and worsening environmental issues. However, the high thermodynamic ...
Nanomaterials
Jul 8, 2024
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80
National University of Singapore (NUS) chemists have developed a strategy using disulfide-containing small molecules to facilitate the reversible control and delivery of ribonucleic acid (RNA).
Bio & Medicine
Jun 6, 2024
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54
A research team has designed a tandem catalyst to improve the electroreduction of nitrate into ammonia. By coupling Cu single atom catalysts with adjacent Co3O4 nanosheets, the team successfully regulated the adsorption energy ...
Nanomaterials
May 29, 2024
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71
Inexpensive and readily available copper-based catalysts are considered ideal for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to produce multi-carbon products. The presence of copper oxides is crucial for generating ...
Nanomaterials
Apr 29, 2024
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69
SUNY Polytechnic Institute (SUNY Poly) Associate Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology Dr. Iulian Gherasoiu and peers have published research in the Journal of Applied Electrochemistry titled "MoVN-coated ...
Nanomaterials
Apr 19, 2024
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121
