Swift, deadly epidemic kills all the black sea urchins in Gulf of Eilat, posing threat to Eilat's coral reef

The researchers emphasize that sea urchins in general, and the long-spined Diadema setosum in particular, are considered essential for the healthy functioning of the coral reef. The researchers caution, "It must be understood that the threat to is already at an all-time peak, and now a previously unknown variable has been added. This situation is unprecedented in the entire documented history of the Gulf of Eilat."

The researchers assume that the source of the deadly epidemic is a pathogenic ciliate parasite that has spread from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea. An urgent report describing the current situation was submitted to the Israel Nature and Parks Authority, and emergency steps for protecting Israel's coral reefs are now under consideration.

The studies were led by Dr. Omri Bronstein and Ph.D. students Rotem Zirler, Lisa-Maria Schmidt, Gal Eviatar, and Lachan Roth from the School of Zoology, Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, and The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History at Tel Aviv University. The papers were published in Frontiers in Marine Science and Royal Society Open Science.

Fish feeding on a dying D. setosum urchin in the Mediterranean Sea. Credit: Tel Aviv University

Fish feeding on a D. setosum urchin carcass in the Mediterranean Sea. Credit: Tel Aviv University

A dying D. setosum urchin. Credit: Tel Aviv University