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Slicing optical beams: cryptographic algorithms for quantum networks

November 30th, 2018 Larisa Busil, Yury Nurmeev

New mathematical models can help transfer information in prospective quantum communication channels.

"Our models are based on specific quantum functions. They turn classic information into quantum states of photons. Those functions were created to transform algorithms into models of quantum branching programs. We analyzed their cryptographic properties which turned out to be extensions of properties of classic cryptographic hash functions onto quantum examples. That's why we called them quantum hash functions. We are now analyzing cryptographic protocols based on variants of quantum hash functions," explains Research Associate of the UHF Design and Radio Telecommunications Lab Marat Ablayev.

Research results were summarized in Ablayev's recent paper in Lobachevskii Journal of Mathematics. In it, he proves the effectiveness of KFU researchers' quantum hashing algorithms. In the future, quantum authentication can be used for a more secure user experience in banking, vehicle handling, and many other areas.

Quantum cryptography can facilitate fast and secure information transfer in quantum networks. Quantum fiber optic networks based on polarized photon transportation are tested currently in Russia and other countries. Such transfer cannot be breached without detection.

"Information in quantum networks is shaped in an optical beam. We know how to translate that chaos into text, no matter what its contents are, be it a letter, a wire transfer, or a military communication message," says the scientist.

The mathematical models can be used not only for quantum networks and authentication but also for full-scale quantum computing. Quantum hashing can help protect quantum algorithms against mistakes. Relevant research is currently in progress at Kazan Federal University.

More information:
M. F. Ablayev. Efficient Branching Programs for Quantum Hash Functions Generated by Small-Biased Sets, Lobachevskii Journal of Mathematics (2018). DOI: 10.1134/S199508021807003X

Provided by Kazan Federal University

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