Climate change may create 'ecological trap' for species who can't adapt

Scientists studying gray tree frogs—a species that survives freezing temperatures by storing "antifreeze" compounds in their bodies—have discovered that these amphibians naturally begin to prepare for winter by responding to shorter days rather than colder temperatures.

"This means they may be allocating precious toward winter preparation they don't actually need," said Michael Benard, professor and chair of the biology department at Case Western Reserve in whose laboratory the study took place. "The broader implication is that species with overwintering strategies cued by day length may prepare for winter too soon and respond poorly to climate change."

The findings were published online in "Early View" in September in the Journal of Animal Ecology.

The research was the result of the BioScience Alliance, an internationally recognized program in and student training involving Case Western Reserve, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo and Holden Arboretum.

Manipulating nature's clock

Gray tree frogs survive winter by freezing solid and thawing when the weather warms up. (They do this by storing in their livers, later converted to glycerol that is pumped throughout their bodies to prevent cells from bursting in freezing temperatures.)

Adult gray tree frog on a blade of grass. Credit: Troy Neptune / Case Western Reserve University

Adult gray tree frog. Credit: Troy Neptune/Case Western Reserve University

Members of the Bioscience Alliance tour the University Farm Bioolgy Field Station and tadpole experimental pond. Credit: Case Western Reserve University

Troy Neptune and one of the experimental ponds at University Farm Biology Research Field Station. Credit: Case Western Reserve University