In March 2024, our team published an article titled "A New Species of Piranha (Serrasalmus, Serrasalmidae) from de Upper Madeira River System, Amazon Basin, Bolivia" in the Journal of Ichthyology. This study details the unique morphological and genetic characteristics of this new species.

Unlike the stereotypical image of piranhas, which often evoke fear, Serrasalmus magallanesi exhibits distinct traits that set it apart from its relatives, such as a dark crescent-shaped spot at the base of the tail and a deep red color with a dark border on the anal fin. This new species not only expands our understanding of the Serrasalmus genus but also highlights the ecological importance of the Upper Madeira River system.

The discovery process

The discovery process was both challenging and exhilarating. Ph.D. Fernando Carvajal-Vallejos spent months in the field, navigating the river's intricate network and collecting samples. The Upper Madeira River, with its diverse habitats, presented the perfect environment for uncovering new species. Each expedition required careful planning and coordination, from securing permits to ensuring the safety in the often-unpredictable conditions of the Amazon rainforest.

Back in the lab, we conducted thorough morphological analyses and genetic sequencing, confirming that we had indeed found a species new to science. The meticulous process involved comparing the new specimen to 31 known species, examining its unique physical features, and conducting DNA analysis to verify its genetic distinction. Our results showed significant differences that warranted the classification of Serrasalmus magallanesi as a new species.