If a delivery person leaves a package on your front step without pinging you, you likely won't know it's there. A hungry cell awaiting refuel is in a similar position. It has to be alerted to the presence of nutrients outside ...
Cell & Microbiology
Nov 6, 2023
0
155
Chemists from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro released a study in the journal Antioxidants revealing a new basis for the link between dietary selenium and COVID-19 severity. Building on a previous study that ...
Biochemistry
Mar 3, 2023
1
207
Autonomous targeting and release of drugs at their site of action are desired features of nanomedical systems. Now, a team of Dutch scientists has designed a nanomotor that has these functions: An antitumor drug encapsulated ...
Materials Science
May 29, 2017
0
161
In a major breakthrough in the battle against Parkinson's disease, researchers at the University of Colorado School of Medicine have discovered a drug that stops the progression of the degenerative illness in mice and is ...
Biochemistry
Mar 8, 2011
0
0
Many of the processes that keep us alive also put us at risk. The energy-producing chemical reactions in our cells, for example, also produce free radicals—unstable molecules that steal electrons from other molecules. When ...
Cell & Microbiology
Nov 4, 2021
0
555
New research provides fresh insight into how an important class of molecules are created and moved in human cells.
Biochemistry
Sep 2, 2022
0
695
(PhysOrg.com) -- Researchers continue to search for cancer treatments that effectively destroy tumor cells while protecting surrounding healthy tissue and the body. One intriguing approach involves photoactivated drugs: an ...
Biochemistry
Sep 14, 2010
0
0
Antitumor agents must kill off cancer cells while protecting healthy tissue and create no toxic side-effects. A novel approach based on "self-immolative" polyferrocenes—copolymers that split apart into their components ...
Biochemistry
Jun 21, 2023
0
43
A recently published study shows that gut microbiota regulates the glutathione and amino acid metabolism of the host. Glutathione is a key antioxidant, found in every cell in our body. Deficiency of glutathione contributes ...
Cell & Microbiology
Nov 6, 2015
0
47
Scientists are reporting development of a fast, simple, inexpensive method for determining whether chemicals in consumer products and workplaces may cause skin allergies in people -- a method that does not involve use of ...
Other
May 26, 2010
0
0
Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide that contains an unusual peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. It is an antioxidant, preventing damage to important cellular components caused by reactive oxygen species such as free radicals and peroxides.
Thiol groups are reducing agents, existing at a concentration of approximately 5 mM in animal cells. Glutathione reduces disulfide bonds formed within cytoplasmic proteins to cysteines by serving as an electron donor. In the process, glutathione is converted to its oxidized form glutathione disulfide (GSSG), also called L(-)-Glutathione.
Once oxidized, glutathione can be reduced back by glutathione reductase, using NADPH as an electron donor. The ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione within cells is often used as a measure of cellular toxicity.
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