Data from Voyager 1 point to interstellar future

June 15, 2012 By DC Agle and Dwayne Brown, JPL/NASA

Data from NASA's Voyager 1 point to interstellar future
This artist's concept shows NASA's two Voyager spacecraft exploring a turbulent region of space known as the heliosheath, the outer shell of the bubble of charged particles around our sun. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
(Phys.org) -- Data from NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft indicate that the venerable deep-space explorer has encountered a region in space where the intensity of charged particles from beyond our solar system has markedly increased. Voyager scientists looking at this rapid rise draw closer to an inevitable but historic conclusion - that humanity's first emissary to interstellar space is on the edge of our solar system.

"The say that someday Voyager will become the first human-made object to enter , but we still do not know exactly when that someday will be," said Ed Stone, Voyager project scientist at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. "The latest data indicate that we are clearly in a new region where things are changing more quickly. It is very exciting. We are approaching the solar system's frontier."

The data making the 16-hour-38 minute, 11.1-billion-mile (17.8-billion-kilometer), journey from Voyager 1 to antennas of NASA's on Earth detail the number of charged particles measured by the two High Energy telescopes aboard the 34-year-old spacecraft. These energetic particles were generated when stars in our cosmic neighborhood went supernova.

Data from NASA's Voyager 1 point to interstellar future
Artist's concept of NASA's Voyager spacecraft. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
"From January 2009 to January 2012, there had been a gradual increase of about 25 percent in the amount of Voyager was encountering," said Stone. "More recently, we have seen very rapid escalation in that part of the . Beginning on May 7, the cosmic ray hits have increased five percent in a week and nine percent in a month."

This marked increase is one of a triad of data sets which need to make significant swings of the needle to indicate a new era in space exploration. The second important measure from the spacecraft's two telescopes is the intensity of energetic particles generated inside the , the bubble of charged particles the sun blows around itself. While there has been a slow decline in the measurements of these , they have not dropped off precipitously, which could be expected when Voyager breaks through the solar boundary.

The final data set that Voyager scientists believe will reveal a major change is the measurement in the direction of the magnetic field lines surrounding the spacecraft. While Voyager is still within the heliosphere, these field lines run east-west. When it passes into interstellar space, the team expects Voyager will find that the magnetic field lines orient in a more north-south direction. Such analysis will take weeks, and the Voyager team is currently crunching the numbers of its latest data set.

"When the Voyagers launched in 1977, the space age was all of 20 years old," said Stone. "Many of us on the team dreamed of reaching interstellar space, but we really had no way of knowing how long a journey it would be -- or if these two vehicles that we invested so much time and energy in would operate long enough to reach it."

Launched in 1977, Voyager 1 and 2 are in good health. Voyager 2 is more than 9.1 billion miles (14.7 billion kilometers) away from the sun. Both are operating as part of the Voyager Interstellar Mission, an extended mission to explore the outside the neighborhood of the outer planets and beyond. NASA's Voyagers are the two most distant active representatives of humanity and its desire to explore.

The Voyager spacecraft were built by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., which continues to operate both. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology. The missions are a part of the NASA Heliophysics System Observatory, sponsored by the Heliophysics Division of the Science Mission Directorate in Washington.

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122 comments

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_ucci_oo
5 / 5 (13) Jun 15, 2012
ow, doesn't seem that long ago.
Scottingham
4.8 / 5 (23) Jun 15, 2012
Voyager 1 and 2: brought to you by nuclear power!
GSwift7
3.4 / 5 (17) Jun 15, 2012
Measurements taken outside of our solar system are some of the most exciting astronomical work to look forward to. I propose sending more spacecraft to explore many of these unknowns.


I agree, but it's probably wise to wait a little bit longer. Once the Voyagers get out of the solar system, we may find something new we would like to measure. I wouldn't want to launch a new probe, and then find out we needed one more instrument on board.

The next time we send something out of the solar system is most likely to be bound for Centauri though (or some other nearby star). I don't see it happening in my lifetime, but it sure would be cool to find out if there are planets there. I have always suspected that stars without planets are probably not very common. We seem to be finding planets around all the most common types of stars, and centauri isn't much different from sol.

Any interstellar probe could examine deep space on the way.
TrinityComplex
not rated yet Jun 15, 2012
I heard an interview on the radio only two days ago of one of the project leaders for the voyager craft. She said that just recently the solar winds dropped off drastically within a few hours while the antenna were being loaned to another project, and that they have been travelling through a very quiet zone, as if galactic pressure and the outward pressure of the helioshpere had sort of a zone of equilibrium, yet this article is saying that there has not been a precipitous dropoff of the energetic particles from the heliosphere. So which is correct? Are the energetic particles crashing against whatever barrier marks interstellar space, leaving the density of particles the same, but not moving as they were? Checking the JPL site only offers this same story.
Ventilator
not rated yet Jun 15, 2012
Interstellar space is brand new territory to us, even with space probes on their way out of our solar system.

The major issue I see is going to be if the interstellar winds are enough to interfere with the Voyager probes' signals, and if so, by how much. I figure that it's not impossible to calculate the anticipated amount of interference; the problem is getting it right overall, compared with what is truly there.

As far as the actual particle amount, wasn't there an article on the potential for, in essence, eddies or doldrums of interstellar particles and winds, due to the unknown state of how the heliosphere interacts with the interstellar winds and particles?
hb_
4.5 / 5 (8) Jun 15, 2012
@GSwift7 and verkle

I'm voting with verkle on this one. Why would an explorer have to be expensive? Why not make it a few kilograms and launch it with a medium sized rocket. Let it use a the gravitation of a planet to gain further speed.

And why not let it travel perpendicular to the plane of you planet system? Who knows what kind of surprises are there to be found..
vega12
5 / 5 (6) Jun 15, 2012
And why not let it travel perpendicular to the plane of you planet system? Who knows what kind of surprises are there to be found..

True, but at least if the craft stays in the plane of the solar system it can observe the planets in close detail before finally leaving. Not to mention it would take a lot more energy to exit perpendicularly than it does to get out in the plane; we already have some tangential velocity, but perpendicularly you have to go essentially from zero to escape velocity.
GSwift7
2.1 / 5 (7) Jun 15, 2012
yet this article is saying that there has not been a precipitous dropoff of the energetic particles from the heliosphere. So which is correct?


The solar wind flows out from the sun until it reaches the region where the voyager craft are now. The particles from the wind are there, but they are no longer flowing out uniformly as they do closer to the sun. There are still particles from the solar wind, but their average speed is close to zero (voyager detects them while flying through them). Think of it like a day here on earth, with no wind, but there's still air. As the voyager craft move farther out, we expect a region where the solar wind particles are no longer present in significant quantities.
eachus
2.3 / 5 (3) Jun 15, 2012
I'm voting with verkle on this one. Why would an explorer have to be expensive? Why not make it a few kilograms and launch it with a medium sized rocket. Let it use a the gravitation of a planet to gain further speed.


Magic tricks... Send it to Jupiter, and have Jupiter slingshot it toward the sun, over one of the poles if you prefer. When it is deep in the sun's gravitational field light off the engines, just design the probe so that cooling fluid boils off through a nozzle, or combine the two. The delta v near the sun gets multiplied 100x or more. (It shoots out of the solar gravitation field faster than it went in.)

This trick is (only ;-) good for a hundred kps or so, but much faster than anything we have done to date.
chardo137
4.1 / 5 (9) Jun 15, 2012
NASA is having a heck of a time just trying to fund the missions that it already has going. I also wish that we could do more.
GSwift7
3.4 / 5 (13) Jun 15, 2012
The major issue I see is going to be if the interstellar winds are enough to interfere with the Voyager probes' signals,


It's called Interstellar Medium, and we already know where its absorption and emission bands are; there's a table on wiki. Voyager's signals will be fine.

http://en.wikiped...r_medium

I'm voting with verkle on this one. Why would an explorer have to be expensive? Why not make it a few kilograms and launch it with a medium sized rocket. Let it use a the gravitation of a planet to gain further speed.


That's horribly naive. It takes a fairly large rocket just to get an empty box out of earth orbit. Then I assume you want to reach deep space? You'll want an ion engine. See that big saucer thingy on Voyager above? You'll need a big saucer thingy too. You'll also want some electricy, cause electricity is good. Oh, and did you want to measure anything while you're there? .....hmm.
GSwift7
2.9 / 5 (10) Jun 15, 2012
Eachus:

That idea is horrible. You have so much wrong that I don't know where to start. First, jupiter is not on the way to the sun. Second, we're already in the sun's gravitational field. Third, why go near the sun if you don't have to? You would need to add all kinds of heat sinks and EM shielding all over the spacecraft, so lets stay away from the sun if we can. Fourth, 100x more delta V near the sun? How does that work? From boiling off coolant? Just carry extra ion engine fuel in stead of a cooling system and head directly out to slingshot your way past as many planets as their positions allow.

The Voyager craft both used gravity assists, multiple times, on their way out.

As for going perpendicular to the ecliptic, you could use a planet to swing you "up" or "down" at some point, but then you couldn't use that planet for a speed boost. There's really very little point in going perpendicular though.
GSwift7
2.8 / 5 (9) Jun 15, 2012
This trick is (only ;-) good for a hundred kps or so, but much faster than anything we have done to date


That's incorrect.
PussyCat_Eyes
Jun 15, 2012
This comment has been removed by a moderator.
SatanLover
1 / 5 (9) Jun 15, 2012
could this explain the redshift?

mind: blown.
lightandmatter
2.3 / 5 (3) Jun 15, 2012
Which way is north south, east west in space? True north or magnetic north??. There must be a better way to describe direction in space.

"While Voyager is still within the heliosphere, these field lines run east-west. When it passes into interstellar space, the team expects Voyager will find that the magnetic field lines orient in a more north-south direction."
TransmissionDump
3 / 5 (2) Jun 15, 2012
Doesn't one need a point of reference to then be able say which way is up/ down, north/ south etc. from that reference point.

PussyCat Eyes: just curious as to why we need to go to the moon ASAP?
Deesky
5 / 5 (2) Jun 15, 2012
As for the perpendicular trajectory, I think it could be achieved relatively easily. Remember the Pioneer 'anomaly'? Even a small torque applied over a long period of time can alter a trajectory.

So you could launch as normal in the solar system plane and use various planets to boost velocity and then apply a weak force perpendicular to direction of travel for months or even years if it's ion propulsion based.

Over time the trajectory would be altered sufficiently. But it doesn't even need to be anywhere near a 90deg course change.

Even simpler might be to enter into the final gravity assist maneuver at such an angle that the ejecting angle would have as big a vertical trajectory component as possible.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (9) Jun 16, 2012
@Transmission....it's a long story, dear, but political in nature. We'll be a lot safer if we get there and stay.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (8) Jun 16, 2012
There is no up or down in outer space. Without a source of gravitational pull, you're in free fall. Gyroscopic thingies can provide artificial gravity. Isn't that right, Deesky? But that's only pertinent to manned spacecraft.
TransmissionDump
1 / 5 (1) Jun 16, 2012
long story.... I got time.

shoot.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (8) Jun 16, 2012
It has nothing to do with Voyager, Trans.....but check out the China space program....they'll get to the Moon before we do at this rate. The Moon can be a stepping stone to Mars and beyond for a manned space program.
Our descendants need to get off this planet and colonize the Moon, if possible. Things are not going to remain like a beautiful beach in Hawaii. Asteroids, earthquakes, etc. If we don't prepare for such things, we'll eventually be wiped out. ALL of us.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (7) Jun 16, 2012
you see those 2 Voyagers? They're telling us what we can expect out there....and it's up to us to find ways to adapt and survive it. Maybe not you and me....space travel isn't for us....but maybe in a few hundred years, our descendants will feel right at home on Mars. We need to give them that chance.
Mike_Massen
2.3 / 5 (12) Jun 16, 2012
PussyCat_Eyes has been sorely influenced by propaganda
@Transmission....it's a long story, dear, but political in nature. We'll be a lot safer if we get there and stay.
and it seems paranoia as well either aliens or the chinese or some russian mafia - who really cares, its such an old cold war mentality that brought us close to humanity's extinction !

ROBTHEGOB
2.3 / 5 (6) Jun 16, 2012
PussyCat: The Chinese are soon going to land on the moon; then watch all the monkeys at NASA and Washington go APE all of a sudden! I will say "I told you so" now, so you don't forget.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (7) Jun 16, 2012
The cold war is still on, dear Mike.
It may seem like paranoia to you, but it's still a dangerous world, big guy. Didn't you read what Russkiy said about how we and NATO should give up the plans for those defense missile silos in Eastern Europe? He was dead serious and knew stuff that WE don't know.

http://en.ria.ru/...933.html

Tell me this isn't happening.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (6) Jun 16, 2012
LOL...Whatever happens, happens, ROB. Mike thinks I"m paranoid. Gosh, I hope he's right.
CardacianNeverid
3.7 / 5 (6) Jun 16, 2012
Didn't you read what Russkiy said about how we and NATO should give up the plans for those defense missile silos in Eastern Europe? -PussyTard

Now Mr PussyCat_Eyes Russkiycremepuff Pirouette Xbw RitchieGuy NamVet666 is referring to himself in the third person.

Tell me this isn't happening -PussyTard

Sadly it is. Your psychosis is getting worse. Please take your meds.
TransmissionDump
3 / 5 (2) Jun 16, 2012
Oh I agree whole heartedly. Whoever gets the moon gets mining rights and whatever other booty comes with it. But hey, China, US India... who cares. Humanity is the winner.
Howhot
5 / 5 (6) Jun 16, 2012
I for one congratulate NASA and the Voyager teams of scientists for this achievement. It's amazing how good those computer are.

PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (6) Jun 16, 2012
I STILL only have this one user name in spite of the lies from GhostofOtto1923 aka FrankHerbert aka cardacianNeverid aka GhostofOtto1932 aka otto1923 aka otto1932 aka otto1882 aka ottogroupietroll aka bewertow aka dick_wolf...........too many to list here.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (8) Jun 16, 2012
A little investigative work pays off.....and no, I'm NOT gonna take a picture of my breasts and female genitalia to prove these people wrong.
Geeze....another perfectly good thread ruined.....again by the same people.
Mike_Massen
1.9 / 5 (13) Jun 16, 2012
PussyCat_Eyes claimed
Geeze....another perfectly good thread ruined.....again by the same people.
No.

YOU ruined it with your diatribe re politics !
And especially so with
Vote for Romney, the real American
Suggesting a manicured persona who has made a great deal of wealth manipulating many others and is out of touch with the people who are ultimately the source of his wealth become President, is a sad indictment of your idolatry and hypocrisy !

Without even a little so called socialism you seem to propose the pillage of human labour reach such a crescendo your beloved America will collapse socially & gated communities will be essential everywhere, the correctly disgruntled 95% who have their efforts marginalised will rise up far more quickly & revolt should the likes of Romney, with his feeble intellect be let loose with the support, ideology and idiocy of the GOP to put the death knell on what could have been a example of an educated mature democracy!
PussyCat_Eyes
1.2 / 5 (17) Jun 16, 2012
Hey, I"m just an old fashioned girl who believes in observance of the U.S. Constitution, Mike. Obama is wrecking my country and I don't like it one bit. If Romney proves to be another lousy president...then out he goes. Every 4 years we have elections, remember?
PussyCat_Eyes
1.2 / 5 (18) Jun 16, 2012
Do you honestly think 4 more years of the Socialist in the White House will make things better, Mike? I don't think so. Will our space program be improved? Not on your life, it won't.
You should be happy for someone who made it big ,money wise. Someday it might be YOUR turn to be wealthy.....if you work hard enough for it. The land of opportunity....that's why everyone is trying to get over here.
Damn, I'm staying up too late.....nighty night.
MarkyMark
3.7 / 5 (6) Jun 16, 2012
A little investigative work pays off.....and no, I'm NOT gonna take a picture of my breasts and female genitalia to prove these people wrong.
Geeze....another perfectly good thread ruined.....again by the same people.

Yea ruined by you.
Mike_Massen
1.9 / 5 (13) Jun 16, 2012
PussyCat_Eyes confirms again her naivety
Hey, I"m just an old fashioned girl who believes in observance of the U.S. Constitution..
Response to this/your issues:-

1.Constitution static, Human Resources handling dynamic
2.Constitution/NRA (GOP) allow easy access to bad weapons, ppl killed in USA highest in world
3.Mature stable democracies have social conscience, eg Universal Health care
4.GFC mostly caused by GOP connected wealthy re commercial greed
5.Reagan (GOP) IIRC was 1st Pres. to dramatically raise debt stakes with 'star wars' hysteria
6. GFC consequence etc obvious, reduce spending (NASA) GOP by far mostly to blame as initial cause(s) !
7. Happy ppl wealthy but not by breaking up companies that employ ppl or cashing their retirement benefits like Romney, ffs he is such a dimwit & a user!
8. Currently USA *only* has democracy 1 day/4 yrs, rest of time its a meritocracy/dictatorship, paranoid/bad constitution !

Hey, propaganda girl? Intelligent/smart/good/caring are you?
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.6 / 5 (22) Jun 16, 2012
Too bad that NASA is being run by monkeys who are too busy scratching each others' backs than to really care about our space program's future. The stuff they've got on the drawing boards will have to be culled also because some of it will be too expensive for mere government funding, and if they want it to get done, they'll have to pass it on to Space-X or any of the other private cos.
Of course and as I remember you wanted NASA to put microphones on mars rovers to listen in on Martian conversating? You are a font of something.
Gyroscopic thingies can provide artificial gravity. Isn't that right, Deesky? But that's only pertinent to manned spacecraft.
'Gyroscopes make gravity'. Yes you are a fountain of shit.
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.5 / 5 (21) Jun 16, 2012
Didn't you read what Russkiy said about how we and NATO should give up the plans for those defense missile silos in Eastern Europe? He was dead serious and knew stuff that WE don't know.
But you are russkiye or your boyfriend or somesuch. You do not realize how LOW this is.

Russkiye/pirouette/Ritchieguy/you did say that we need to fear chinese ballistic missiles from the moon, which is certainly in the same category as eavesdropping on Martians, or gyroscopic gravity generators.

You are so profoundly stupid. How can people not help but acknowledge this? EVERY TIME you post, you post something unbelievably inane. What a track record.

FYI they don't put antimissile missiles in silos. They put sweet sorghum in silos. You would know this if you weren't a fake farmer/Russian/nurse.
Jeddy_Mctedder
1 / 5 (4) Jun 16, 2012
anyone who thinks man will successfully colonize mars anytime in the next 1000 years is complete moron.

people cannot even make a sealed bio-sphere here work on earth without killing the inhabitants. and if you think mankind now or will soon have the technology to terraform an entire planet , essentially creating enough heat(chemical reactions) to create an atmosphere---yea i have a bridge to sell you.

the idea of sending men to mars will be JUST like sending man to the moon. FAR TOO EXPENSIVE TOO JUSTIFY FOR ANY REASON OTHER THAN SOME SORT OF COLD WAR. there is no cold war anymore, it is a hot war. and it's just beginning and no military in their right mind is going to waste the kind of money needed to get men to mars, when they can waste it on more bombs missiles and guns.
PussyCat_Eyes
1.5 / 5 (17) Jun 16, 2012
@Mike_Massen......you're very wrong, sweet darling.

1) "1.Constitution static, Human Resources handling dynamic"

Nopers...the Constitution is NOT static. Congress (both House and Senate) makes the Laws that can AMEND the Constitution. The Supreme Court of the U.S. only is supposed to INTERPRET those Laws.
For instance, the Second Amendment (gun rights for the law-abiding population) is a major part of the Constitution. Attorney General Eric Holder (appointed by Obama) approved the Fast and Furious debacle in order to give the guns that his guys bought from an American dealer and then sold to Mexicans. At least 2 of those guns wound up with Mexican criminals and a Border Patrol guy was shot and killed by one of those guns. That's why Holder is not providing the evidence of his complicity to Congressman Issa, who is heading the investigation. AG Eric Holder and Obama would love to have used Fast and Furious as an excuse for getting rid of the Second Amendment.
PussyCat_Eyes
1.5 / 5 (17) Jun 16, 2012
@Mike
2) 2.Constitution/NRA (GOP) allow easy access to bad weapons, ppl killed in USA highest in world

Not true. There are gun licensing laws in effect. When you buy a weapon, you must fill out loads of paperwork identifying YOU as the gun owner. The serial # on the gun is on record and the whole shebang is sent to the state capitol along with you picture I.D.
And guess what. A lot of guns are stolen from legal gun owners and used by criminals. But the gun owner MUST report the theft ASAP or he or she may be held liable. There are lots of controls in place to avoid criminals getting their hands on legal guns, but some illegal guns are bought by criminals from foreign countries. It's not our fault. But you may think that we have no right to protect ourselves and our loved ones from criminals with guns or knives. Think again.
PussyCat_Eyes
1.5 / 5 (17) Jun 16, 2012
@Mike
3) 3.Mature stable democracies have social conscience, eg Universal Health care.

In the USA, we have social programs that you pay into while you're working, then when you retire, you will get your money back monthly for the rest of your life. That goes for Medicare and. Social Security. When you're old and retired, Medicare picks up the tab for your hospital stay, but 20% of the medical cost is YOUR responsibility. Therefore, people have the option to "hire" a health care insurance company to pay that other 20% in the event that you become ill. That system works well.
But what YOU seem to be concerned with, is for people who don't want to pay for a company to help with the 20% to get it all FOR FREE.
Nothing is for free, sweetie and you should know that. What you think if for free comes out of MY wallet and every other working stiff's wallet and we never get to see that money that we earned. It comes right out of our paychecks and straight to gov't, then to the welfare queens.
PussyCat_Eyes
1.3 / 5 (16) Jun 16, 2012
@Mike
4) "4.GFC mostly caused by GOP connected wealthy re commercial greed"

I'm not a Republican. I'm a ReaganConservative. In case you haven't heard, who do you think Obama hangs out with? He hangs with Liberal/Democrats who are a part of the 1% rich, like movie stars (George Clooney, Sarah Jessica Parker, et al), movie producers (Steven Spielberg, et al), rich corporation leaders, rich union leaders, anybody who is willing to give him money for his reelection campaign are good people in his eyes. Money talks, dear heart. Therefore, Obama gives these rich people everything they want, as long as they keep him in power. Doesn't matter if they're corrupt; the rich Liberals can do no wrong, you see. Their corruption is held in high esteem by the Democrats, who are themselves corrupt in many cases. Corruption isn't dependent on any Party or idealogy, Mike. It just exists. As far as greed...when's the last time you gave big bucks to charity?
PussyCat_Eyes
1.3 / 5 (16) Jun 16, 2012
@Mike
5) " 5.Reagan (GOP) IIRC was 1st Pres. to dramatically raise debt stakes with 'star wars' hysteria"

Mike, I was a little girl at the time, but I believe that it was the right thing to do. What Reagan did took guts and he bluffed his way, but the Russians didn't know that. (Star Wars Initiative). The man was fantastic in the way he handled Gorbachev. The Russians were economically destitute anyway, so Reagan gave them an OUT, don't you see? The Russians couldn't afford to hold on to all the satellite countries and they were probably glad at the opportunity to show their magnanimity toward Lech Walesa and the rest who wanted their freedom. Gorbachev saved face; his successor became a hero to his people, and Eastern Europe became free. The Russians were able to stand down without looking like fools....all because of Reagan.

PussyCat_Eyes
1.3 / 5 (16) Jun 16, 2012
@Mike
6) "6. GFC consequence etc obvious, reduce spending (NASA) GOP by far mostly to blame as initial cause(s) !"
That's not true. Even though I'm not a Republican, I'll tell you this: The U.S. President at the time was GWBush. While he was Pres., Congress was controlled by Democrats (both Senate and House). There were bills he wanted passed to improve certain things, but could not get them passed because HE was Republican and Congress was Democrat. The Democrats then, as now, are mainly interested in promoting social programs with tax money. They're not terribly interested in putting people back to work. NASA is not a social program; whatever money is available out of the budget after social programs are paid for, MIGHT go to NASA, unless some Democrat Senator or Congressman wants to build a bridge to nowhere so that moose don't cross the stream and disturb little fishies. GWBush got no cooperation from Congress; and now Obama complains of the same thing.
PussyCat_Eyes
1.3 / 5 (16) Jun 16, 2012
@Mike
7) "7. Happy ppl wealthy but not by breaking up companies that employ ppl or cashing their retirement benefits like Romney, ffs he is such a dimwit & a user!"

Are you jealous of wealthy people? I'm not. I aspire to becoming wealthy someday. If I own a modest size company and have x amount of people working for me...first off, no lazy slackers need apply. Second, I would not tolerate a union idiot coming in to get my workers to join their union and make ME pay for things that my workers already have, namely, great working conditions and a safe working environment; a good decent salary commensurate to each worker's production; time off for 3 weeks vacation each year and holidays off; improve worker-boss relationships and bonuses. There's so much more I would do. But guess what. The gov't agencies step in and wants to regulate everything and tax my business heavily because we are making a profit and can afford to hire more people. So, b/c of those higher taxes, people are laid off
PussyCat_Eyes
1.3 / 5 (16) Jun 16, 2012
@Mike
8) "8. Currently USA *only* has democracy 1 day/4 yrs, rest of time its a meritocracy/dictatorship, paranoid/bad constitution !

Hey, propaganda girl? Intelligent/smart/good/caring are you?"

LOL....where DO you get your wild misinformation from?
OK....Meritocracy
Meritocracy - a system of government or other admin such as business admin wherein appointments and responsibilities are objectively assigned to individuals based upon their "merits", namely intelligence, credentials, and education, determined through evaluations or examinations. ie, tested competence and ability.

YOU have a problem with this??? I can't believe it!!
There is NO meritocracy in the Obama administration. That's why everything is chaotic and confused now. He has appointed stupid people, vindictive people into high positions in his administration....WITHOUT MERIT. That's why the country is in a shambles now b/c of Obama. He's inept, incompetent, an elitist without cause, and worst of all, he's a Socialist.
IronhorseA
5 / 5 (2) Jun 16, 2012
Oh I agree whole heartedly. Whoever gets the moon gets mining rights and whatever other booty comes with it. But hey, China, US India... who cares. Humanity is the winner.


The USA got there first, however, The Outer Space treaty prevents any signatories from laying claim to it. Its kind of like Antarctica, anyone can go, but it doesn't actually belong to anyone.
PussyCat_Eyes
1.3 / 5 (16) Jun 16, 2012
A lot of people feel the way I do, Mike. I hope to God that we can be rid of Obama. Four more years of him and his Socialism and the U.S. Constitution will be ripped to shreds. I doubt very much that NASA space projects on the drawing boards and in clean rooms will get fully funded by government. Most everything will go toward social programs and the military. I think he wants to keep our military in dangerous places like Afghanistan to get our soldiers killed off. There is NO logical reason for us to be there.
Mike, I assume you're in Australia. Am I right?
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (9) Jun 16, 2012
Oh I agree whole heartedly. Whoever gets the moon gets mining rights and whatever other booty comes with it. But hey, China, US India... who cares. Humanity is the winner.


The USA got there first, however, The Outer Space treaty prevents any signatories from laying claim to it. Its kind of like Antarctica, anyone can go, but it doesn't actually belong to anyone.
- Ironhorse

LOL.....I'd sure like to see the U.N. and others try to prevent China from getting to the Moon and keeping the rest of humanity out. They have so many people, they don't know what to do with them. They'll develop the technology, that's for sure....and what they think we have, they'll steal from us.
And we'll let them take it....because that's what we've become.
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.3 / 5 (23) Jun 16, 2012
LOL.....I'd sure like to see the U.N. and others try to prevent China from getting to the Moon and keeping the rest of humanity out. They have so many people, they don't know what to do with them.
Yes of course and this is why the west cannot keep china from installing anti-missile missile silos and socialist collectives on the moon... population pressure. And this is how china will keep the rest of humanity 'out' of the moon... theyll cover it with their excess populations.

Because they outnumber us like ants you see. LOL.
A lot of people feel the way I do, Mike.
Why yes all those chinese moontech-stealers feel the way that pirouette/ritchieguy/russkiye/queen_of_morons does. This is what makes them all so dangerous.
baudrunner
1.7 / 5 (6) Jun 16, 2012
Voyager 2 is 1/646th the distance of one light year away from the sun. I doubt that we will be receiving signals from it when it is only one light year away from us, let alone the distance to the nearest star. At the rate that it is travelling it will take another 22,565 years before it is one light year distant. I think that we should be thinking about using some other type of propulsion to get out there into interstellar space. Perhaps a mission to overtake Voyager 2. How long would that take using current technologies? I am thinking ion-plasma thrusters.
draa
4.2 / 5 (6) Jun 16, 2012
It's good to see PussyCat Lies is here trolling the thread. Too bad her kind will never win the argument though. And by her "kind" I mean stupid people. And that's coming from a solid Republican voter who will be voting for the Socialist in the White House. The New Republican Party is now dominated by racist, bigoted extremists.

And good for Voyager's team. All those years of work are about to pay off big time. What we'll learn form those probes will benefit humanity for many years to come. Hopefully someday, we'll put humans in that same spot headed for another world. Hopefully it will be inhabited by people with more intelligence and less stupidity than we have here.
Jitterbewegung
1 / 5 (2) Jun 16, 2012
"Without a source of gravitational pull,"

Without a source of accelleration would be a clearer terminology;-)
PussyCat_Eyes
1.3 / 5 (15) Jun 16, 2012
@draa.....
I see that your last post before today was on September 17, 2011 and you were downrated to one by DavidMerchant. I won't even bother to read that thread since your post there was probably similar to your post here. So, according to YOU, "The New Republican Party is now dominated by racist, bigoted extremists."
Tell us, how many of these "racist, bigoted extremists have you interviewed to find out if they were, indeed, racist, bigoted extremists? Sounds to me like it's pure ASSUMPTION on your part. Maybe you read it in a copy of Cosmopolitan magazine or in George Soros' "Media Matters" website?
Didn't anyone tell you that assumptions don't hold up in a court of law? Assumptions in yellow journalism is popular these days with the Liberal/Socialist mob. I take it that you prefer to not be enlightened with respect to the reality of politics...so I won't try to convince you of anything. Just continue on your merry way, convinced that all Repubs are racist and bigots.
PussyCat_Eyes
1.3 / 5 (15) Jun 16, 2012
draa....it's already known that you're Vendicar_De Idiot....you don't have to hide behind another name. Be honest and up front like me...
NASA would not accept your application for a job if they were aware of your devious nature.
PussyCat_Eyes
1.2 / 5 (11) Jun 16, 2012
"Without a source of gravitational pull,"

Without a source of accelleration would be a clearer terminology;-)
- FrankHerbert/Jitter/GhostofOtto
******
TransmissionDump
22 hours ago

Doesn't one need a point of reference to then be able say which way is up/ down, north/ south etc. from that reference point.

PussyCat Eyes: just curious as to why we need to go to the moon ASAP?
*******
My response:
"There is no up or down in outer space. Without a source of gravitational pull, you're in free fall. Gyroscopic thingies can provide artificial gravity. Isn't that right, Deesky? But that's only pertinent to manned spacecraft."

AlsoThe reference point in outer space would be the stars and planets, and the ship would be guided by its onboard computer according to the locations of the stars and planets. G-Force is minimal and artificial gravity is not needed in an unmanned craft. Acceleration in outer space is variable and has nothing to do with the question.
Lurker2358
1 / 5 (3) Jun 16, 2012
Perhaps a mission to overtake Voyager 2. How long would that take using current technologies? I am thinking ion-plasma thrusters.


The fastest thing we could do is use a two stage propulstion system.

Use a Solar Sail to push an Ion Engine up to a huge speed to begin with, and then after a few years when the sail isn't getting enough power to significantly accelerate any more, you'd detach it and fire up the ion engines.

The reason this works is because a solar sail is more efficient the larger the payload, so having it "Push" the ion engine as long as possible "pays for" all of the launch costs and fuel costs.

I once figured this could probably get a Voyager-sized space craft to around 150km/s maximum speed.

Even at that speed, it will still take a couple decades to overtake the voyager, because you gotta figure the voyager keeps moving at top speed too the entire time...
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 16, 2012
More stuff about artificial gravity and gyroscopes -
http://astrobiolo.../?id=238
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (7) Jun 16, 2012
Lurker....why the heck would you detach the Solar Sail. Or do you mean to fold it up and store it on the craft? That would be more logical. As the craft nears a source of light, the Sail can be used again to power up and recharge the onboard electronics and provide heat. Ya think?
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.7 / 5 (23) Jun 16, 2012
More stuff about artificial gravity and gyroscopes -
http://astrobiolo.../?id=238
See this is how we can tell you are a dimwit. A gyroscope has nothing to do with gravity. Your link makes that clear.

Someone (you?) asks an unfortunate scientist a particularly inane question and the scientist responds like he was talking to a 4th grader (you?)

So, how many inane posts was it today? All of them? If you are a 4th grader I apologize. But you are not because you talk about your genitals as if this were a witty and clever thing to do. Maybe in the ozarks among your (inbred?) relations, but not here as 4th graders come here sometimes innocently seeking knowledge. You corrupt them and this site.
Jitterbewegung
1 / 5 (3) Jun 16, 2012
"Perhaps a mission to overtake Voyager 2. How long would that take using current technologies? "

If scientists could build a road there and good tyres for your sportscar. Then you just have to keep your foot flat to the floor and hold it at 0.00980665km/sec/sec and it would take around 23 days. Just like it would take a couple of hours to get to the Moon or a few days to get to Mars.

Check the calculation if you like

(3600x530)x((3600x530 1)/2)x0.00980665=

TheGhostofOtto1923
3.6 / 5 (23) Jun 16, 2012
Lurker....why the heck would you detach the Solar Sail. Or do you mean to fold it up and store it on the craft? That would be more logical. As the craft nears a source of light, the Sail can be used again to power up and recharge the onboard electronics and provide heat. Ya think?
See this is how we can tell you are a dimwit. Or an elaborate hoax by a disgruntled pedo. Solar sails use light pressure for propulsion. They do not convert light to electricity.
AlsoThe reference point in outer space would be the stars and planets, and the ship would be guided by its onboard computer according to the locations of the stars and planets.
Why yes did a 4th grader tell you this? Or did you find it on buzzle?
Jitterbewegung
1 / 5 (2) Jun 16, 2012
Tried to edit bit it would not scroll

should have a

(3600x530)x((3600x530 1)/2)x0.00980665=
Jitterbewegung
1 / 5 (2) Jun 16, 2012
so plus signs dont come up here?

(3600x530)x((3600x530 plus 1)/2)x0.00980665=

PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (7) Jun 16, 2012
what's wrong with your keyboard?
YOUR CAPSLOCK must be on
Jitterbewegung
1 / 5 (2) Jun 16, 2012
I am on a samsung mobile phone virtual keyboard.
Jitterbewegung
1 / 5 (2) Jun 16, 2012
Ps I should mention if you do not want to stop at your destination then take out the division by 2 and you get past Voyager in about 375 hours (17 days)

(3,600×375)×(3,600×375+plus1)×0.00980665
=17,872,632,863.9775km
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 16, 2012
Samsung's a good brand. Was the problem your Capslock?
I see you have your back.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 16, 2012
Damn, now MY plus sign isn't working...lol
Jitterbewegung
1 / 5 (2) Jun 17, 2012
I did a copy and paste from my calculator to add the plus sign in that post rather than the keyboard.
barakn
1 / 5 (1) Jun 17, 2012
Eachus:

That idea is horrible. You have so much wrong that I don't know where to start. ... Second, we're already in the sun's gravitational field. Third, why go near the sun if you don't have to? You would need to add all kinds of heat sinks and EM shielding all over the spacecraft, so lets stay away from the sun if we can. Fourth, 100x more delta V near the sun? How does that work? From boiling off coolant? - Gswift7
Eachus's idea apparently rests on the Oberth effect http://en.wikiped...h_effect , though the plan would seem ill-advised considering the dangers of the Sun.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
More stuff about artificial gravity and gyroscopes -
http://astrobiolo.../?id=238
See this is how we can tell you are a dimwit. A gyroscope has nothing to do with gravity. Your link makes that clear.

Someone (you?) asks an unfortunate scientist a particularly inane question and the scientist responds like he was talking to a 4th grader (you?)

So, how many inane posts was it today? All of them? If you are a 4th grader I apologize. But you are not because you talk about your genitals as if this were a witty and clever thing to do. Maybe in the ozarks among your (inbred?) relations, but not here as 4th graders come here sometimes innocently seeking knowledge. You corrupt them and this site.
-TheGhostofBlotto

Once again, the NAZI-LOVING TheGhostofOtto1923 didn't read the full link, otherwise he would see that Morrison was talking about A-R-T-I-F-I-C-I-A-L G-R-A-V-i-T-Y and Gyroscopes. The link clearly states (contd)
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
(contd)
"Unlike seafaring ships, space ship designs utilize centripetal force to create artificial gravity at the outer walls. Whether any such designs will become a reality in our lifetimes remains to be seen."

This means that the artificial gravity still doe NOT exist and is still on the "drawing boards". Just like I and others speculate on ways and methods, the Astrobiologist and Engineers speculate on these things also.
But TheGhostofOttoSkorzeny believes that I am basing what I've said, on FACT. Which is why he hurriedly jumps in to excoriate my speculations. What a weird, fat, ugly creep.
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.9 / 5 (19) Jun 17, 2012
Once again, the NAZI-LOVING TheGhostofOtto1923 didn't read the full link, otherwise he would see that Morrison was talking about A-R-T-I-F-I-C-I-A-L G-R-A-V-i-T-Y and Gyroscopes. The link clearly states (contd)
Naw that's enough. Naw you didn't read it or didn't understand it. You are confusing centrifugal and centripetal forces. You carking dimwit. Each one of your posts is like a kickme sign. One doesn't need to be a Nazi to comply.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
So, how many inane posts was it today? All of them? If you are a 4th grader I apologize. But you are not because you talk about your genitals as if this were a witty and clever thing to do. Maybe in the ozarks among your (inbred?) relations, but not here as 4th graders come here sometimes innocently seeking knowledge. You corrupt them and this site.
- TheGhostofOtto1923 aka Otto Skorzeny wannabe

Well now...let's see, in this thread, I said the words "genitals" and "breasts". And in another thread coming right up, I said the word "vagina". (sharp intake of breath. Oh my Puritan stars).
Let's see what Howhot had to say about it.
Page 6 of: http://phys.org/n...ean.html
And in the immortal words from Howhot -
Howhot
Jun 16, 2012

Rank: 3 / 5 (2)
Well bite my Hamiltonian pussy. You know if I had a gang and needed a spoiler, You would be my first choice. I've never seen ad-homin's as well done (except in a comedy club).
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
And right after Howhot's Hamiltonian pussy comment...sock puppet cardacianneverid comes in with:
CardacianNeverid
Jun 16, 2012

Rank: 4.3 / 5 (6)
Well, since this thread's gone to the dogs...

What's new pussyTard?
Woah, Woah
pussyTard, pussyTard
I've got flowers
And lots of hours
To spend with you.
So go and powder your cute little pussyTard nose!
Woah, Woah...
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
Very scientific stuff, I must say.
But at least the Voyagers are on their way to interstellar space. Too bad NAZI-LOVER GhostofBlotto didn't hitch a ride on it.
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.9 / 5 (22) Jun 17, 2012
Just like I and others speculate on ways and methods, the Astrobiologist and Engineers speculate on these things also.
Uh huh. You speculate on science the way a dog speculates on urinating on a sparkplug. Or an electrical outlet.

The scientists you talk to speculate on the wide breadth of the human intellect; from they and their colleagues all the way back... in vast stretches of space and time... to you. This is what happens, they conclude, when humans are removed from the healthy and species-preserving process of natural selection.

You have GOT to be a hoax. By a disgruntled pedo. Because nobody can be as consistently stupid, as you. And seek to display it as GLEEFULLY as you do.

Like I say you post a few inanities and then spend all your time ignorantly bashing those who take exception to it. What's the point? Got nothing better to do? Sorghum seed all in the ground? No mud to observe during the process of drying and cracking?
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
Yep......it appears that Howhot was trying to talk about the Hamiltonian CATS......could've been a Freudian slip....LOL

http://www.theham...cat.html
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
Wow, GhostofBlotto....you really should stop urinating on electrical outlets...even sparkplugs while the engine is running. On second thought, the electrical outlets are OK.
Inanities? What do you think you've been posting in this and other threads, eh? ALL inanities. You are #1 inanity creepo. Haven't you noticed that not too many people are talking to you much? They see you for what you really are. And your attempts at intimidations isn't working, dickhead.But keep it up, I'm not through with you....not by a long shot, jerkoff.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
Nopers....I still don't know what a sorgum is....I asked rubberman to explain it and he wouldn't. I think you're making up words. Liar Liar Pants On Fire....LOL
There's never been anyone bashing me for inanities. If anyone bashed for inanities, they would have to bash YOU. YOUR posts on this and all other threads are always inane and everyone knows it...except for your friend antialias_antifreespeech and all your sock puppets who are in reality YOU.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
Hey....maybe YOU are Richie and those other names you've been dying to pin on me. Except for Russkiycreampuff....he's too intelligent to be you. YOU are obviously your arch enemy, dick_wolf.
It wouldn't surprise anyone that you fight with yourself to garner as much attention so that others feel you're justified in going after all your sock puppets....LOL....and coming up winning....LOL
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
"You have GOT to be a hoax. By a disgruntled pedo. Because nobody can be as consistently stupid, as you. And seek to display it as GLEEFULLY as you do. " - GhostofOddball

You describe yourself very well. You are a classic case and would have fit in perfectly at Broadmoor in the UK....or one of the institutes for the insane in the U.S.
Hey, maybe you were one of the insane patients who were let out of the institutions in the....when was that...the 1980s? Was it Ronald Reagan that set you free? yeppers...good old Ron...made a big booboo with THAT one.
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.8 / 5 (20) Jun 17, 2012
I think you're making up words. Liar Liar Pants On Fire....LOL
Yeah. And we see you misspell it on purpose? You think you're kidding anybody Ritchie?
Just like I and others speculate on ways and methods, the Astrobiologist and Engineers speculate on these things also.
But I think we are approaching the crux. Your hoax is becoming too transparent. Like I say nobody is this consistently, brazenly ignorant without trying to be, and so consistently eager to display it. I'm sorry but I simply refuse to accept the notion.

Like I say you're either a former disgruntled poster, or perhaps some bored teenager, who is enjoying himself by making adults here do tricks for you. But as it has been going on for months under multiple sockpuppets, I'm thinking it is not entertainment but compulsion which drives you. Yes? How could this possibly be any fun?
PussyCat_Eyes
1.1 / 5 (10) Jun 17, 2012
Once again, the NAZI-LOVING TheGhostofOtto1923 didn't read the full link, otherwise he would see that Morrison was talking about A-R-T-I-F-I-C-I-A-L G-R-A-V-i-T-Y and Gyroscopes. The link clearly states (contd)
Naw that's enough. Naw you didn't read it or didn't understand it. You are confusing centrifugal and centripetal forces. You carking dimwit. Each one of your posts is like a kickme sign. One doesn't need to be a Nazi to comply.
- TheGhostoftheNAZIOtto

In none of my posts in this thread did I mention the words "centrifugal" or "centripetal". See, that's what you get when you smoke that ganja.... bad stuff....you're delusional. Do you stomp around your room yelling out, "heil hitler"........LOL
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
"Yeah. And we see you misspell it on purpose? You think you're kidding anybody Ritchie?" - GhostofNaziOtto

Who IS this Ritchie you keep talking about.....seems like you're OBSESSED with that man. Did you have a good time together? I saw that you never did answer Russkiy's question on your personal relationship with the said Ritchie.
And what did I misspell on purpose? You are delusional again. You are definitely a classic case of DID
And who is this "WE"? You and your sock puppets?
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.8 / 5 (20) Jun 17, 2012
You mention broadmoor
http://www.guardi...ct=false

-Is this where you're at?

And you know who Ritchie is because you've mentioned his ideas. More cracks in your persona.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (6) Jun 17, 2012
Nopers.....Broadmoor is famous. I studied many case studies about patients that were in Broadmoor. Bellview in New York was another one.....But you must be familiar with Broadmoor. Is that where you were locked up?
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (6) Jun 17, 2012
I see that in one of your sock puppet personas, you called yourself OTTO SKORZENY.
So I googled the name and found out that your idol was a NAZI SS crapper who sucked up to Adolph Hitler.
YES PEOPLE!! In one of his sock puppet profiles, TheGhostofOtto1923, as TheGhostofOtto1932 gives his name as Otto Skorzeny.
Everyone is required to take heed of the SPIRITUAL-MANIFESTATION-OF-OTTO-SKORZENY. The hero of TheGhostofOtto1923, is Otto Skorzeny, him being the World War 2 NAZI bozo who worked himself up to becoming secretary and hatchet-man for Adolph Hitler.
See: http://phys.org/p...tto1932/
http://en.wikiped...korzeny.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
The only ideas I've ever mentioned are my own and those of Rush Limbaugh, Sean Hannity and Glenn Beck, and stuff that I've read from Russkiy's posts.
TheGhostofBlotto is sinking fast, and he has to put all of his energy into trying to come up with as many lies about me as possible.
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.8 / 5 (20) Jun 17, 2012
Funny... You can google skorzeny but you can't google sorghum. Yet more cracks. Is this REALLY fun for you???
The only ideas I've ever mentioned are my own and those of Rush Limbaugh, Sean Hannity and Glenn Beck, and stuff that I've read from Russkiy's posts.
No you made the effort to defend ritchies use of the lost wax process as with gold jewelry, and of the camera angles in his Martian pictures. Didn't you?
PussyCat_Eyes
1.6 / 5 (7) Jun 17, 2012
Back to your sorgum again, huh? Does that have something to do with sore gums? I sure don't know anyone that knows your sorgum. I'm in Wyoming, so we don't have such things here. Nopers, that wasn't me.....don't know nothin about camera angles except for my little Nikon and Canon.
Lost wax and gold? Are you serious?
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
Maybe you're thinking of Russkiy...ask HIM about it.
Geeze....a girl can't be a girl with this Blotto moron. Maybe Blotto is actually a transgender? woweeee
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 17, 2012
Wait......what Martian pictures? Is that the glasshead beady eyed one horned one eyed purple people eater you keep talking about?
PussyCat_Eyes
Jun 17, 2012
This comment has been removed by a moderator.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (7) Jun 17, 2012
Blotto went to read all of my past postings.....or he's throwing up or something in the toilet...what a bloody desperate character. i hope he finds his Ritchie....funny spelling....sounds more like a surname.
GSwift7
2.1 / 5 (7) Jun 18, 2012
Which way is north south, east west in space? True north or magnetic north??. There must be a better way to describe direction in space


N,S,E & W in space are terms used by astronomers with the understanding that you are talking about direction relative to a specific body or group of bodies. There's a thing called the "right hand rule". Make a fist with your right hand, with your thumb pointing up. In the case of our solar system and the milkyway galaxy "most" objects rotate and revolve in the direction your fingers point while making a fist with your right hand. That is east, and the direction your thumb points is north. So, in the story above, when they say the magnetic field lines go east-west, that means they are in the same plane as the ecliptic, and if they change to a north-south orientation outside the heliosphere, then that will be perpendicular to the ecliptic. It really has no meaning beyond making it easier to talk about orientation around an object.
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.9 / 5 (19) Jun 18, 2012
:)
It's obvious that you also don't understand the principles of stratigraphy.
But you do because pussy/Ritchie/piro/russkiyes conjectures are equivalent to those of scientists. Because he/she/it says so...
Just like I and others speculate on ways and methods, the Astrobiologist and Engineers speculate on these things also.
Let's see what p/r/p/r found on google:

"Stratigraphy is a branch of geology which studies rock layers and layering (stratification). It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks."

-And this is all we need to know that volcanos can appear in Brooklyn. Sad.
Magma doesn't pop up just ANYWHERE. It goes along, parallel to the ocean floor
Funny I didn't see this in the wiki article. Maybe you got it from buzzle?

There is something you need to know. People who actually know things, are not impressed when people like you drop big words that they found on google. Quite the opposite; it makes them laugh. Hahahaahaaaa.
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.9 / 5 (19) Jun 18, 2012
OOp I see I put this post in the wrong thread. It belongs here:
http://phys.org/n...ean.html

-Worth reading twice though I think-

Ignoramuses are similar to religionists in some respects. They think their own thoughts are a source of valid info like the bible. Both need to be exposed.
GSwift7
1.8 / 5 (5) Jun 18, 2012
baudrunner:
I think that we should be thinking about using some other type of propulsion to get out there into interstellar space. Perhaps a mission to overtake Voyager 2. How long would that take using current technologies? I am thinking ion-plasma thrusters


I think you mean Voyager 1, but either way, the problem is that we don't really know how long we can keep an ion engine running. The current record (held by the NEXT engine) is just over four years, and they expect to get another two years out of it in earth-based testing. The Voyager craft had a lucky alignment of outer planets which doesn't exist now, so it would be very difficult to catch up to either Voyager craft now. We certainly couldn't catch them in our lifetimes, unless we find some new "magical" form of propulsion. Our best ion engines can't do it in our lifetime.
_ilbud
3.7 / 5 (3) Jun 18, 2012
It's despicable the way the US produces these weak minded paranoid imbecilic anti-intellectuals like pussyhead_dimbo. A true sign of the death of the nation. They disgust me, the zombie vermin.
SBender
not rated yet Jun 18, 2012
I dont mean to detract from the Voyager spacecrafts' achievements, which are astounding, but doesn't proclaiming them to be on the cusp of interstellar space involve a bit of marketing? What is the true boundary of interstellar space? If the inner edge of the Oort Cloud is 2,000 AU away, it would seem that the Voyagers will remain well within the solar system for at least another 500 years or so.
SBender
not rated yet Jun 18, 2012
I dont mean to detract from the Voyager spacecrafts achievements, which are astounding, but doesnt proclaiming them to be on the cusp of interstellar space involve a bit of marketing? What is the true boundary of interstellar space? If the inner edge of the Oort Cloud is 2,000 AU away, it would seem that the Voyagers will remain well within the solar system for at least another 500 years or so.
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.9 / 5 (18) Jun 18, 2012
It's despicable the way the US produces these weak minded paranoid imbecilic anti-intellectuals like pussyhead_dimbo. A true sign of the death of the nation. They disgust me, the zombie vermin.
You mean like this?
http://www.youtub...Jqd2h0Yg
SBender
5 / 5 (1) Jun 18, 2012
I dont mean to detract from the Voyager spacecrafts achievements, which are astounding, but doesnt proclaiming them to be on the cusp of interstellar space involve a bit of marketing? What is the true boundary of interstellar space? If the inner edge of the Oort Cloud is 2,000 AU away, it would seem that the Voyagers will remain well within the solar system for at least another 500 years or so!
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 18, 2012
I suppose TheGhostofOtto1923 aka TheGhostofOtto1932 and many other sock puppets must have his say about 1 person. He's already forced others to remove themselves from this site, except for Russkiycreampuff. Russkiy only has stopped posting in these threads because he was accepted for a teaching position in Russia, his home. I sure would've liked to talk to him again, but not to the point of giving him my email address. He was very interested in science too, but I read his old posts and found that TheGhostofOttoSkorzeny, Idolater of the WW2 NAZI SS officer who became secretary and hatchet man to der Fuhrer Adolph Schnickelgruber Hitler, had been hounding poor Russkiy with insistence that he was a sock puppet.
I understand that there are like-minded people in this site who love TheGhostofOtto1923, who are probably some of his many sock puppets who make comments to make others think that Blotto has a huge following. But they are all Blotto., and everyone else knows it too.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (5) Jun 18, 2012
There is also stratification UNDER the ocean floor, which has nothing to do with Voyager, but it seems that GhostofBlotto1923 believes that stratification only occurs underneath volcanoes like Mount St. Helens, e.g.
The only problem with his dimwit idea is that at one time or another, many volcanoes and mountains were covered with ocean and ocean fossils have been found on those volcanoes and mountains. Stratigraphic formations are everywhere...which is the formation of many layers of sediment, rocks, clays and other strata. I learned this stuff in college.
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.9 / 5 (19) Jun 19, 2012
Russkiy only has stopped posting in these threads because he was accepted for a teaching position in Russia, his home.
Yeah strange that your sockpuppet russkiye would only access physorg from the US.
Timyin Tim
5 / 5 (3) Jun 21, 2012
Best flamewar I've read in months......

Pussyfatthighs brought this thread to some incredible lows, and GhostofOtto: while I enjoyed reading this battle immensely, it seems obvious that you are being baited by a person whose mental development stopped around the same time as her physical development....around age 10 I would guess. Since it should be clear to anyone reading his/her posts that she is an idiot, I suggest letting her continue her pseudo-scientific/political jibber-jabber unchallenged.....let the monkey throw the poop, if it doesn't hit you, simply chuckle at the foolish creature with smelly hands. I have been!
wtfscience_
5 / 5 (4) Jun 21, 2012
Why should anyone be subjected to these idiots when coming to a website reporting on scientific topics? Physorg should be ashamed to let people like this continue to comment on topics.

In my opinion, they are both in reality the same one person with multiple personality disorder and many, many other disorders.

Grow up or go somewhere else.
Spacefan
not rated yet Jun 22, 2012
Question...how did the two Voyagers gain enough speed to leave the solar system? I know they gain speed flying past planets, but do these planets still not pull back on the craft? Also, how much faster are these spacecraft flying than the minimum solar system escape velocity? Any answers would be appreciated. thanks
TheGhostofOtto1923
3.9 / 5 (18) Jun 22, 2012
Question...how did the two Voyagers gain enough speed to leave the solar system? I know they gain speed flying past planets, but do these planets still not pull back on the craft? Also, how much faster are these spacecraft flying than the minimum solar system escape velocity? Any answers would be appreciated. thanks
Planets lose an equivalent amount of energy in providing assist.
sirchick
5 / 5 (5) Jun 22, 2012
@PussyCat_Eyes you're not doing the best of jobs of inspiring young women to join science when you name call and bring politics into a science website, and also argue over political crap.

I know you're not the only one, but when you're bringing up Hitler and Nazi stuff you're getting well off the mark, I question that a women would really go to such a level, maybe you're just a troll and a bloke ?

@All those involved in the arguments which are pathetic at best:

Can we please keep this to an intellectual scientific debate about the subject at hand not childish high school name calling. Its getting well over the top and its quite frankly... boring.
PussyCat_Eyes
1 / 5 (4) Jun 23, 2012
Russkiy only has stopped posting in these threads because he was accepted for a teaching position in Russia, his home.
Yeah strange that your sockpuppet russkiye would only access physorg from the US.
- Blotto

So why don't you ask him yourself? You know him well. I don't.
Deesky
5 / 5 (1) Jun 23, 2012
Question...how did the two Voyagers gain enough speed to leave the solar system? I know they gain speed flying past planets, but do these planets still not pull back on the craft?

The initial speed required is Earth escape velocity (11.2 km/s). Earth itself orbits at 29.8 km/s relative to the sun, so the craft will be traveling at least 41km/s, relative to the sun (likely more due to extra thrust).

Thereafter, planetary gravity assists were used to increase velocity (not sure by how much).

Once you're beyond a planet's gravitational well (which isn't that far), the combined effect of the planets' 'pull' is negligible. The much bigger effect it the gravitational 'pull' of the sun.

To escape the solar system from a location at the Sun-Earth distance (but away from Earth itself), requires a velocity of roughly 42 km/s. So Voyager 1 would only need a modest boost to exceed solar system escape velocity.
Spacefan
not rated yet Jun 25, 2012
Deesky...thanks for the info.
GSwift7
1 / 5 (3) Jun 25, 2012
spacefan:

Question...how did the two Voyagers gain enough speed to leave the solar system? I know they gain speed flying past planets, but do these planets still not pull back on the craft? Also, how much faster are these spacecraft flying than the minimum solar system escape velocity?


The wiki page is a good place to start:

http://en.wikiped...y_assist

The theoretical max speed boost leaves you at twice the speed of the planet plus your initial velocity, though in reality such 'perfect' circumstances will never occur. Gravity assist can also be used in reverse, to slow a spacecraft down. We do this when we send probes to Mercury and Venus. With current technology, it is not practical to reach solar system escape velocity without using gravity assist.

This is cool: You need gravity assist to reach Saturn, but that leaves you moving too fast for orbit, so you need GA to slow down when you get there too.
exequus
not rated yet Jun 26, 2012
Oh, goodie, now we get a chance to snoop on Pluto.
mjesfahani
not rated yet Jul 15, 2012
it is very easy to go from wormholes they are like tunnels, no need to travel for long time with voyager
mjesfahani
not rated yet Jul 15, 2012
it is very easy to go from wormholes they are like tunnels, no need to travel for long time with voyager

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