Quantum leap for research into unhackable communications networks

Scientists at Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, Scotland, have published new research into the phenomenon known as quantum entanglement. This is when two particles—such as photons of light—remain connected even when ...

Topological materials become switchable

A donut is not a breakfast roll. Those are two very clearly distinguishable objects: One has a hole, the other does not. In mathematics, the two shapes are said to be topologically different—you cannot transform one into ...

Three US-based economists given Nobel Prize for work on banks

Former Federal Reserve Chair Ben Bernanke and two other U.S.-based economists won the Nobel Prize in economics for research into bank failures—work that built on lessons learned in the Great Depression and helped shape ...

Visualizing the proton through animation and film

Try to picture a proton—the minute, positively charged particle within an atomic nucleus—and you may imagine a familiar, textbook diagram: a bundle of billiard balls representing quarks and gluons. From the solid sphere ...

US topology and chaos theorist wins mathematics Abel Prize

The Abel Prize honouring achievements in mathematics was awarded Wednesday to American Dennis Parnell Sullivan for his contributions to topology, including work on chaos theory, the Norwegian Academy of Science said.

Finding the cause of a fatal problem in rocket engine combustors

Rocket engines contain confined combustion systems, which are essentially combustion chambers. In these chambers, nonlinear interactions among turbulent fuel and oxidizer flows, sound waves, and heat produced from chemical ...

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