News tagged with histone protein
Packaging process for genes discovered
Scientists at Penn State University have achieved a major milestone in the attempt to assemble, in a test tube, entire chromosomes from their component parts. The achievement reveals the process a cell uses ...
May 19, 2011 |
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Genetic packing: Successful stem cell differentiation requires DNA compaction, study finds
(Phys.org) -- New research findings show that embryonic stem cells unable to fully compact the DNA inside them cannot complete their primary task: differentiation into specific cell types that give rise to ...
May 11, 2012 |
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Control of gene expression: Histone occupancy in your genome
When stretched out, the genome of a single human cell can reach six feet. To package it all into a tiny nucleus, the DNA strand is tightly wrapped around a core of histone proteins in repeating units—each ...
Apr 30, 2012 |
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A foot in the door to genetic information
In the cell nucleus, DNA wraps around what are called histone proteins, forming regularly spaced spherical bodies called nucleosomes. Thus, large portions of the genetic material are inaccessible to the gene reading machinery. ...
Mar 07, 2012 |
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Chromosome centromeres are inherited epigenetically
Centromeres are specialised regions of the genome, which can be identified under the microscope as the primary constriction in X-shaped chromosomes. The cell skeleton, which distributes the chromosomes to ...
Nov 03, 2011 |
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Scientists discover secret life of chromatin
Chromatin - the intertwined histone proteins and DNA that make up chromosomes – constantly receives messages that pour in from a cell’s intricate signaling networks: Turn that gene on. Stifle that one.
Sep 01, 2011 |
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Biologists' discovery may force revision of biology textbooks
Basic biology textbooks may need a bit of revising now that biologists at UC San Diego have discovered a never-before-noticed component of our basic genetic material.
Aug 18, 2011 |
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Kinetochores prefer the 'silent' DNA sections of the chromosome
The protein complex responsible for the distribution of chromosomes during cell division is assembled in the transition regions between heterochromatin and euchromatin.
Jul 05, 2011 |
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Predicting the fate of personalized cells next step toward new therapies
Discovering the step-by-step details of the path embryonic cells take to develop into their final tissue type is the clinical goal of many stem cell biologists. To that end, Kenneth S. Zaret, PhD, professor ...
May 19, 2011 |
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Plant clock gene also works in human cells
A gene that controls part of the 'tick tock' in a plant's circadian clock has been identified by UC Davis researchers. And not only is the plant gene very similar to one in humans, but the human gene can work in plant cells ...
Dec 01, 2010 |
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Ticking of cellular clock promotes seismic changes in the chromatin landscape associated with aging
Like cats, human cells have a finite number of lives-once they divide a certain number of times (thankfully, more than nine) they change shape, slow their pace, and eventually stop dividing, a phenomenon called ...
Oct 03, 2010 |
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At the crossroads of chromosomes: Study reveals structure of cell division's key molecule
(PhysOrg.com) -- On average, one hundred billion cells in the human body divide over the course of a day. Most of the time the body gets it right but sometimes, problems in cell replication ...
Sep 16, 2010 |
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NETs catch platelets and induce clots, linking inflammation with thrombosis
(PhysOrg.com) -- Neutrophils are the innate immune system's 'first responders,' fighting infection in several distinct ways. These white blood cells can engulf foreign particles via phagocytosis, or they may release antimicrobial ...
Medicine & Health / Medical research
Aug 25, 2010 |
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Unlocking the secrets of cellular energy holds promise for obesity, diabetes and cancer
(PhysOrg.com) -- A breakthrough on how cells regulate their energy is promising for clinical gains into diseases such as obesity, diabetes and cancer. Researchers at McGill University and University of Pennsylvania have uncovered ...
Medicine & Health / Medical research
Jul 20, 2010 |
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New role for master regulator in cell metabolism, response to stress
AMP-activated protein kinase, or AMPK, is a master regulator protein of metabolism that is conserved from yeast to humans. When a cell is low on fuel, AMPK shuts down processes that use energy and turns on ...
Jul 15, 2010 |
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