News tagged with cytoplasm
Copy of the genetic makeup travels in a protein suitcase
Scientists from the Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry at the University of Bonn have succeeded for the first time in the real time filming of the transport of an important information carrier in biological ...
May 25, 2012 |
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'Copper pump's' potential benefit in cancer treatment
(Phys.org) -- A team of University of California, San Diego researchers has made new discoveries about a copper-transporting protein in the membranes of human cells that drug-discovery scientists can co-opt ...
May 17, 2012 |
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Research reveals novel transport mechanism for large ribonucleoproteins
The movement of genetic materials, such as RNA and ribosomes, from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is a critical component in a cell's ability to make the proteins necessary for essential biological functions. Until now, it ...
May 10, 2012 |
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Researchers uncover new mechanistic insight into mRNA biogenesis and export
A team of EU-funded Spanish and Polish researchers have revealed the structure of a protein complex that is essential for messenger RNA (mRNA) biogenesis and export. Writing in the European Molecular Biology ...
Mar 19, 2012 |
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Amoeba offers key clue to photosynthetic evolution
(PhysOrg.com) -- The major difference between plant and animal cells is the photosynthetic process, which converts light energy into chemical energy. When light isn't available, energy is generated by breaking ...
Feb 27, 2012 |
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Built-in 'self-destruct timer' causes ultimate death of messenger RNA in cells
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have discovered the first known mechanism by which cells control the survival of messenger RNA (mRNA) -- arguably biology's most important molecule. ...
Dec 22, 2011 |
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Nuclear receptors battle it out during metamorphosis in new fruit fly model
Growing up just got more complicated. Thomas Jefferson University biochemistry researchers have shown for the first time that the receptor for a major insect molting hormone doesn't activate and repress genes ...
Oct 06, 2011 |
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Control gene for developmental timing discovered
University of Alberta researchers have identified a key regulator that controls the speed of development in the fruit fly. When the researchers blocked the function of this regulator, animals sped up their rate of development ...
Sep 28, 2011 |
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New technique elucidates dynamics of plant cell metabolites
A new technique developed by researchers at RIKEN has clarified the location and dynamics of specific metabolites in a single cell of the alga Chara australis. The findings reveal that these metabolites are re ...
Sep 13, 2011 |
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New technique sheds light on the mysterious process of cell division
(PhysOrg.com) -- Using a new technique in which models of primitive cells are constructed from the bottom up, scientists have demonstrated that the structure of a cell's membrane and cytoplasm may be as important ...
May 18, 2011 |
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Cell viscosity research improves our knowledge of cancer cells
EU-funded researchers from Germany and Poland have made some groundbreaking discoveries about cell cytoplasm viscosity, which could further our knowledge of the cytoplasm of cancer cells.
Nanotechnology / Bio & Medicine
May 16, 2011 |
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Salmonella utilize multiple modes of infection
Scientists from the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) in Braunschweig, Germany have discovered a new, hitherto unknown mechanism of Salmonella invasion into gut cells: In this entry mode, the bacteria exploit the mu ...
Apr 21, 2011 |
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Scientists engineer nanoscale vaults to encapsulate 'nanodisks' for drug delivery
(PhysOrg.com) -- There's no question, drugs work in treating disease. But can they work better, and safer?
Nanotechnology / Bio & Medicine
Apr 21, 2011 |
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How molecules get to the right place at the right time
Active transport processes in cells ensure that proteins with specialized local functions reach their intracellular destinations. Impaired transport causes cellular dysfunction or even cell death. Scientists from Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet ...
Apr 20, 2011 |
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New role for phosphorylation in heterochromatin
A great many cellular processes are switched on or off by the modification of a given enzyme or other protein by addition of a phosphate molecule, known as phosphorylation. This regulatory activity occurs ...
Mar 09, 2011 |
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Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is the part of a cell that is enclosed within the plasma membrane. In eukaryotic cells, the cytoplasm contains organelles, such as mitochondria, which are filled with liquid that is kept separate from the rest of the cytoplasm by biological membranes. The contents of the cell nucleus are not part of the cytoplasm and are instead called the nucleoplasm. The cytoplasm is the site where most cellular activities occur, such as many metabolic pathways like glycolysis, and processes such as cell division. The inner, granular mass is called the endoplasm and the outer, clear and glassy layer is called the cell cortex or the ectoplasm.
The part of the cytoplasm that is not held within organelles is called the cytosol. The cytosol is a complex mixture of cytoskeleton filaments, dissolved molecules, and water that fills much of the volume of a cell. The cytosol is a gel, with a network of fibers dispersed through water. Due to this network of pores and high concentrations of dissolved macromolecules, such as proteins, an effect called macromolecular crowding occurs and the cytosol does not act as an ideal solution. This crowding effect alters how the components of the cytosol interact with each other.
For more information about Cytoplasm, read the full article at
Wikipedia.
This text uses material from Wikipedia and is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.
