http://phys.org/ en-us Phys.org internet news portal provides the latest news on science including: Physics, Nanotechnology, Life Sciences, Space Science, Earth Science, Environment, Health and Medicine. A successful measurement of the distribution of quarks that make up protons conducted at DOE's Jefferson Lab has found that a quark's spin can predict its general location inside the proton. Quarks with spin pointed in the up direction will congregate in the left half of the proton, while down-spinning quarks hang out on the right. The research also confirms that scientists are on track to the first-ever three-dimensional inside view of the proton. http://phys.org/news284107324.html Physics Tue, 02 Apr 2013 08:00:06 EST news284107324 (Phys.org) —Researchers working at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have observed for the first time evidence of D-mesons oscillating between matter and antimatter. They describe their work, observations and the degree of certainty they've given their findings in their paper they've uploaded to the preprint sever arXiv, which has subsequently been accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters. http://phys.org/news281610235.html Physics Mon, 04 Mar 2013 09:04:25 EST news281610235 This year sees the 40th anniversary of the ground-breaking proposal that the interactions between quarks becomes weaker as they come closer together, laying the foundations of quantum chromodynamics, or QCD, the modern theory of the strong interaction. http://phys.org/news279531912.html Physics Fri, 08 Feb 2013 08:00:03 EST news279531912 The search for a mysterious subatomic particle can certainly involve some enormous tools, not to mention a multitude of scientists. The effort to find the elusive "Higgs boson" includes over 5,800 scientists from 56 countries! It's a subatomic particle that gives other particles, such as quarks and electrons, their mass. http://phys.org/news272709572.html Physics Wed, 21 Nov 2012 10:10:02 EST news272709572 For the past month the Joint Quantum Institute (JQI) has sponsored a website allowing visitors to vote for the topic they believe will capture this year's Nobel Prize for physics. The site offered 14 Nobel-worthy topics and some representative names to go with each topic. A total of 350 votes were cast in the JQI poll, and the results are enumerated below. http://phys.org/news268373956.html Physics Tue, 02 Oct 2012 05:19:35 EST news268373956 Protons to the right, ions to the left: the basic principle of proton-ion collisions at the LHC might seem straightforward. However, this is an almost unprecedented mode of collider operation, certainly unique at the energy provided by the LHC. In addition to being a remarkable technical achievement, this interaction between a proton and an ion can potentially contribute a lot to the understanding of the properties of matter in its primordial state. http://phys.org/news267954728.html Physics Thu, 27 Sep 2012 08:52:44 EST news267954728 (Phys.org)—You may think you've heard everything you need to know about the origin of mass. After all, scientists colliding protons at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Europe recently presented stunning evidence strongly suggesting the existence of a long-sought particle called the Higgs boson, thought to "impart mass to matter." But while the Higgs particle may be responsible for the mass of fundamental particles such as quarks, quarks alone can't account for the mass of most of the visible matter in the universe—that's everything we see and sense around us. http://phys.org/news265277020.html Physics Mon, 27 Aug 2012 09:20:06 EST news265277020 (Phys.org) -- SLAC theorist Stan Brodsky and his collaborator Xing-Gang Wu of Chongqing University have just made the lives of high-energy particle theorists the world over a bit easier. They've demonstrated a way to literally take some of the guesswork out of predictions from quantum chromodynamics (QCD). QCD is the theory explaining the behavior of quarks, which in groups of three form protons and neutrons, and gluons, which carry the strong force that "glues" the quarks together. http://phys.org/news263536476.html Physics Tue, 07 Aug 2012 05:34:42 EST news263536476 The seemingly countless recent discoveries and predictions of particle physics are spurred by increasingly sophisticated mathematical theories and predictions. European researchers made important contributions to descriptions of quantum particle interactions heretofore technically inaccessible with potential impact on a number of fields in physics and mathematics. http://phys.org/news259583331.html Physics Fri, 22 Jun 2012 11:29:01 EST news259583331 (PhysOrg.com) -- Two unexpected new hadrons containing bottom quarks have been discovered by the Belle Experiment using the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)'s B Factory (KEKB), a highly-luminous, electron-positron collider. These new particles have electric charge and are thought to be "exotic" hadrons -- non-standard hadrons, containing at least four quarks. Previously, a series of new and unexpected exotic hadrons containing charm and anti-charm quarks have been observed. This latest discovery from Belle demonstrates the existence of exotic hadrons containing at least four quarks in a particle system including bottom quarks . http://phys.org/news245402378.html Physics Tue, 10 Jan 2012 07:20:22 EST news245402378 The LHCb Collaboration has presented today at the Hadron Collider Particle Symposium in Paris possible first evidence for CP violation, the difference between behaviour of matter (particles) and antimatter (antiparticles), in charm decays. http://phys.org/news240599530.html Physics Tue, 15 Nov 2011 17:12:30 EST news240599530 Scientists at a meeting in Grenoble, France, recently stoked speculation that physicists at the world's biggest particle accelerator may soon provide a first look at the elusive Higgs boson - the final piece of evidence needed to prove that the Standard Model of particle physics, which explains the behavior of subatomic particles, is correct. http://phys.org/news232812529.html Physics Wed, 17 Aug 2011 15:50:01 EST news232812529 A better knowledge about the composition of sub-atomic particles such as protons and neutrons has sparked conjecture about, as yet, unseen particles. A tool based on theoretical calculations that could aid the search for these particles has been developed by a team of researchers in Japan called the HAL QCD Collaboration. http://phys.org/news229946566.html Physics Fri, 15 Jul 2011 11:50:03 EST news229946566 In its infancy, when the universe was a few millionths of a second old, the elemental constituents of matter moved freely in a hot, dense soup of quarks and gluons. As the universe expanded, this quark–gluon plasma quickly cooled, and protons and neutrons and other forms of normal matter "froze out": the quarks became bound together by the exchange of gluons, the carriers of the color force. http://phys.org/news228055479.html Physics Thu, 23 Jun 2011 14:00:22 EST news228055479 (PhysOrg.com) -- The three LHC-experiments (ALICE, ATLAS and CMS), which study lead-collisions have presented their latest results at the international Quark Matter 2011 conference, held in Annecy in France with over 750 participants from all over the world. The results are based on the analysis of new data from November-December 2010, when the LHC collided lead ions at approximately 14 times higher energy than was previously possible. http://phys.org/news225534734.html Physics Wed, 25 May 2011 09:40:21 EST news225534734 (PhysOrg.com) -- In 1932, scientists observed the first antimatter particle, a positron (or antielectron). Since then, scientists have observed heavier and heavier states of antimatter: antiprotons and antineutrons in 1955, followed by antideuterons, antitritons, and antihelium-3 during the next two decades. Advances in accelerator and detector technology led to the first production of antihydrogen in 1995 and antihypertriton (strange antimatter) in 2010. Now, scientists with the STAR collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory have observed another state of antimatter for the first time: the antimatter helium-4 nucleus, which is the heaviest antinucleus observed so far. http://phys.org/news220021127.html Physics Tue, 22 Mar 2011 13:59:27 EST news220021127 When an international team of scientists working at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) announced the discovery of the most massive antinucleus to date — and the first containing an anti-strange quark — it marked the first entry below the plane of the classic Periodic Table of Elements, and sparked enormous interest worldwide. Dr. Zhangbu Xu, a physicist at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory, where the 2.4-mile circular “atom smasher” is located, will share this discovery with a wider audience at this year’s meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) on Friday, February 18, 2011. http://phys.org/news216895817.html Physics Mon, 14 Feb 2011 08:50:44 EST news216895817 Since December, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has been smashing particles together at record-setting energy levels. Physicists hope that those high-energy collisions could replicate the conditions seen immediately after the Big Bang, shedding light on how our universe came to be. Now, data from collisions that took place in July suggests that the LHC may have have taken a step toward that goal. http://phys.org/news204957530.html Physics Wed, 29 Sep 2010 05:39:27 EST news204957530 At the Large Hadron Collider at CERN protons crash into each other at incredibly high energies in order to 'smash' the protons and to study the elementary particles of nature - including quarks. Quarks are found in each proton and are bound together by forces which cause all other known forces of nature to fade. To understand the effects of these strong forces between the quarks is one of the greatest challenges in modern particle physics. New theoretical results from the Niels Bohr Institute show that enormous quantities of random numbers can describe the way in which quarks ’swing’ inside the protons. The results have been published in arXiv and will be published in the journal Physical Review Letters. http://phys.org/news204809213.html Physics Mon, 27 Sep 2010 12:27:18 EST news204809213 A new computation of the constant that describes the strength of the force between the quarks in a proton may help theorists tackle one of the most challenging problems of physics: analytically solving the theory of QCD and determining its coupling strength at large distances. http://phys.org/news195154875.html Physics Mon, 07 Jun 2010 18:41:51 EST news195154875 (PhysOrg.com) -- Scientists of the DZero collaboration at the Department of Energy’s Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory announced Friday, May 14, that they have found evidence for significant violation of matter-antimatter symmetry in the behavior of particles containing bottom quarks beyond what is expected in the current theory, the Standard Model of particle physics. http://phys.org/news193403945.html Physics Tue, 18 May 2010 12:19:35 EST news193403945 (PhysOrg.com) -- Physicists, including nine from UC Davis, working at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory recently created some strange matter not seen since just after the Big Bang -- an "antihypertriton" composed of antimatter and "strange" quarks. A paper describing the work was published online this month in the journal Science. http://phys.org/news189181142.html Physics Tue, 30 Mar 2010 15:20:01 EST news189181142 (PhysOrg.com) -- For a brief instant, it appears, scientists at Brook­haven National Laboratory on Long Island recently discovered a law of nature had been broken. http://phys.org/news188211977.html Physics Fri, 19 Mar 2010 10:06:51 EST news188211977 (PhysOrg.com) -- At a meeting this week of the American Physical Society in Washington, MIT Associate Professor of Physics Bernd Surrow reported on new results from the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) that provide a better understanding of the internal structure of the proton, the basic building block of all nuclei. http://phys.org/news185652383.html Physics Wed, 17 Feb 2010 18:08:20 EST news185652383 Scientists at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), a 2.4-mile-circumference particle accelerator at the U.S. DOE's Brookhaven National Laboratory, report the first hints of profound symmetry transformations in the hot soup of quarks, antiquarks, and gluons produced in RHIC's most energetic collisions. In particular, the new results, reported in the journal Physical Review Letters, suggest that "bubbles" formed within this hot soup may internally disobey the so-called "mirror symmetry" that normally characterizes the interactions of quarks and gluons. http://phys.org/news185451423.html Physics Mon, 15 Feb 2010 10:18:51 EST news185451423 Recent analyses from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), a 2.4-mile-circumference "atom smasher" at the U.S. DOE's Brookhaven National Laboratory, establish that collisions of gold ions traveling at nearly the speed of light have created matter at a temperature of about 4 trillion degrees Celsius — the hottest temperature ever reached in a laboratory, about 250,000 times hotter than the center of the Sun. This temperature, based upon measurements by the PHENIX collaboration at RHIC, is higher than the temperature needed to melt protons and neutrons into a plasma of quarks and gluons. Details of the findings will be published in Physical Review Letters. http://phys.org/news185451161.html Physics Mon, 15 Feb 2010 10:13:25 EST news185451161 After the quark-gluon plasma filled the universe for a few millionths of a second after the big bang, it was over 13 billion years until experimenters managed to recreate the extraordinarily hot, dense medium on Earth. The JET Collaboration, a team from six universities and three national laboratories led by Berkeley Lab’s Nuclear Science Division, is now developing a new and highly detailed theoretical picture of this unique state of the early universe. http://phys.org/news182763705.html Physics Fri, 15 Jan 2010 08:40:01 EST news182763705 (PhysOrg.com) -- Scientists of the CDF experiment at the Department of Energy's Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory announced yesterday that they have found evidence of an unexpected particle whose curious characteristics may reveal new ways that quarks can combine to form matter. The CDF physicists have called the particle Y(4140), reflecting its measured mass of 4140 Mega-electron volts. Physicists did not predict its existence because Y(4140) appears to flout nature's known rules for fitting quarks and antiquarks together. http://phys.org/news156595642.html Physics Wed, 18 Mar 2009 11:48:17 EST news156595642 (PhysOrg.com) -- Scientists of the CDF and DZero collaborations at the Department of Energy's Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory have observed particle collisions that produce single top quarks. The discovery of the single top confirms important parameters of particle physics, including the total number of quarks, and has significance for the ongoing search for the Higgs particle at Fermilab's Tevatron, currently the world's most powerful operating particle accelerator. http://phys.org/news155816209.html Physics Mon, 09 Mar 2009 11:17:28 EST news155816209 (PhysOrg.com) -- New theory work at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility has shown that more than half of the spin of the proton is the result of the movement of its building blocks: quarks. The result, published in the Sept. 5 issue of Physical Review Letters, agrees with recent experiments and supercomputer calculations. http://phys.org/news140363908.html Physics Thu, 11 Sep 2008 14:58:28 EST news140363908