http://phys.org/ en-us Phys.org internet news portal provides the latest news on science including: Physics, Nanotechnology, Life Sciences, Space Science, Earth Science, Environment, Health and Medicine. A team led by the Austrian physicist Anton Zeilinger has carried out an experiment with photons, in which they have closed an important loophole. The researchers have thus provided the most complete experimental proof that the quantum world is in conflict with our everyday experience. The results of this study appear this week in the renowned journal Nature. http://phys.org/news285233096.html Physics Mon, 15 Apr 2013 08:25:06 EST news285233096 (Phys.org) —Albert Einstein famously described quantum entanglement as "spooky action at distance"; however, up until now experiments that examine this peculiar aspect of physics have been limited to relatively small distances on Earth. http://phys.org/news284700180.html Physics Tue, 09 Apr 2013 04:23:09 EST news284700180 Albert Einstein called quantum entanglement—two particles in different locations, even on other sides of the universe, influencing each other—"spooky action at a distance." http://phys.org/news279537962.html Physics Fri, 08 Feb 2013 09:26:15 EST news279537962 (Phys.org)—As developed by Claude Shannon, information theory defines channel capacity as the maximum rate at which information can be sent through the channel. This capacity can be mathematically described using a graph associated with the channel. Specifically, a graph's Shannon zero-error capacity is the maximum rate at which messages can be sent through a noisy channel with zero probability of error. However, the Shannon capacity does not reflect the fact that on atomic scales, nature behaves according to quantum mechanics. Recently, scientists studying asymptotic behavior in entangled sender-receiver quantum systems at Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, The Netherlands have identified families of graphs for which entanglement allows the Shannon capacity to be exceeded. http://phys.org/news278158503.html Physics Wed, 23 Jan 2013 10:15:51 EST news278158503 (Phys.org)—Forget solid, liquid, and gas: there are in fact more than 500 phases of matter. In a major paper in today's issue of Science, Perimeter Faculty member Xiao-Gang Wen reveals a modern reclassification of all of them. Using modern mathematics, Wen and collaborators reveal a new system which can, at last, successfully classify symmetry-protected phases of matter. Their new classification system will provide insight about these quantum phases of matter, which may in turn increase our ability to design states of matter for use in superconductors or quantum computers. This paper, titled, "Symmetry-Protected Topological Orders in Interacting Bosonic Systems," is a revealing look at the intricate and fascinating world of quantum entanglement, and an important step toward a modern reclassification of all phases of matter. http://phys.org/news275331200.html Physics Fri, 21 Dec 2012 16:53:32 EST news275331200 Physicists at the University of Calgary and at the Institute for Quantum Computing in Waterloo have published new research in Nature Physics which builds on the original ideas of Einstein and adds a new ingredient: a third entangled particle. http://phys.org/news274732238.html Physics Fri, 14 Dec 2012 18:30:46 EST news274732238 While some theoretical physicists make predictions about astrophysics and the behavior of stars and galaxies, others work in the realm of the very small, which includes quantum physics. Such is the case at UC Santa Barbara, where theoretical physicists at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP) cover the range of questions in physics. http://phys.org/news274719529.html Physics Fri, 14 Dec 2012 15:00:01 EST news274719529 Scientists from the Netherlands (Delft University of Technology and the FOM Foundation) and the UK (Element Six) have brought two atomic nuclei in a diamond into a quantum entangled state. This exotic relation was created by subjecting the nuclei to a new type of quantum measurement. These experiments mark an important step towards the realization of a quantum computer. The results were published on 14 October 2012 online in Nature Physics. http://phys.org/news269674507.html Physics Wed, 17 Oct 2012 06:35:21 EST news269674507 For the past month the Joint Quantum Institute (JQI) has sponsored a website allowing visitors to vote for the topic they believe will capture this year's Nobel Prize for physics. The site offered 14 Nobel-worthy topics and some representative names to go with each topic. A total of 350 votes were cast in the JQI poll, and the results are enumerated below. http://phys.org/news268373956.html Physics Tue, 02 Oct 2012 05:19:35 EST news268373956 An international collaboration led by physicists of the University of Vienna shines new light on the question of the resources required for achieving quantum information processing. The scientists demonstrate that less demanding resources, which are easier to prepare and to control, can be used for quantum-enhanced technologies. In the experiment, which is published in Nature Physics, the researchers achieve remote quantum state preparation without requiring entanglement as a resource. http://phys.org/news263469892.html Physics Mon, 06 Aug 2012 11:05:12 EST news263469892 Theoretical physicist Filippo Miatto and colleagues from the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK, have found a new method of reliably assessing the information contained in photon pairs used for applications in cryptography and quantum computing. The findings, published in European Physical Journal D, are so robust that they enable access to the information even when the measurements on photon pairs are imperfect. http://phys.org/news261313755.html Physics Thu, 12 Jul 2012 12:09:21 EST news261313755 A Princeton University-led team of scientists has shown how electrons moving in certain solids can behave as though they are a thousand times more massive than free electrons, yet at the same time act as speedy superconductors. http://phys.org/news258826878.html Physics Wed, 13 Jun 2012 17:21:46 EST news258826878 (PhysOrg.com) -- In the development of quantum information processing, one of the key requirements is achieving quantum entanglement. But recently, physicists have been investigating other forms of quantum correlations besides entanglement, and wondering if they may be useful and if they may play a role in future quantum communication and computation. In a new study, scientists have found that other forms of quantum correlations can be used to obtain useful entanglement of macroscopic systems, providing new insight and potentially leading to novel quantum technologies. http://phys.org/news244961050.html Physics Thu, 05 Jan 2012 07:31:01 EST news244961050 Researchers working at the Clarendon Laboratory at the University of Oxford in England have managed to get one small diamond to communicate with another small diamond utilizing "quantum entanglement," one of the more mind-blowing features of quantum physics. http://phys.org/news242035696.html Physics Fri, 02 Dec 2011 08:08:44 EST news242035696 (PhysOrg.com) -- Einstein infamously dismissed quantum entanglement as spooky action at a distance and quantum uncertainty with his quip that God does not play dice with the universe. Aside from revealing his conceptual prejudices, Einstein’s rejection of these now-established hallmarks of quantum mechanics point to the field’s elusive nature: Coherent quantum mechanical phenomena, such as entanglement and superposition, are not apparent at macroscopic levels of scale. In fact, a common view is that on these scales quantum behavior is masked by decoherence, or even that quantum mechanics itself needs revision. Encouragingly, however, researchers at the Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ), University of Vienna, have recently proposed an experimental design that would use a macroscopic mechanical resonator, short optical pulses and optical microcavities to realize quantum state tomography, squeezing, and state purification that could shed light on this elusive boundary between the quantum and classical worlds. http://phys.org/news236342523.html Physics Tue, 27 Sep 2011 11:42:35 EST news236342523 (PhysOrg.com) -- The ability to entangle particles is considered essential for a number of experiments and applications. While we have seen evidence for quantum entanglement, it is still difficult to detect unambiguously. Multiparticle quantum correlations are especially important for work with optical lattices, superconducting qubits and quantum information processing. "Entanglement in large qubit systems is becoming more important," Bastian Jungnitsch tells PhysOrg.com. "Unfortunately, the characterization of multiparticle entanglement is difficult." http://phys.org/news225091124.html Physics Fri, 20 May 2011 09:06:08 EST news225091124 (PhysOrg.com) -- In "ordinary" quantum entanglement, two particles possess properties that are inherently linked with each other, even though the particles may be spatially separated by a large distance. Now, physicists S. Jay Olson and Timothy C. Ralph from the University of Queensland have shown that it's possible to create entanglement between regions of spacetime that are separated in time but not in space, and then to convert the timelike entanglement into normal spacelike entanglement. They also discuss the possibility of using this timelike entanglement from the quantum vacuum for a process they call "teleportation in time." http://phys.org/news215095406.html Physics Mon, 24 Jan 2011 12:43:40 EST news215095406 (PhysOrg.com) -- Scientists from Oxford University have made a significant step towards an ultrafast quantum computer by successfully generating 10 billion bits of quantum entanglement in silicon for the first time – entanglement is the key ingredient that promises to make quantum computers far more powerful than conventional computing devices. http://phys.org/news214723992.html Physics Thu, 20 Jan 2011 05:33:28 EST news214723992 Researchers at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have demonstrated quantum entanglement for a quantum state stored in four spatially distinct atomic memories. http://phys.org/news209222548.html Physics Wed, 17 Nov 2010 13:22:44 EST news209222548 (PhysOrg.com) -- An international team of physicists, including a scientist based at The University of Queensland, has recently closed an additional 'loophole' in a test explaining one of science's strangest phenomena -- quantum entanglement. http://phys.org/news209018426.html Physics Mon, 15 Nov 2010 04:42:48 EST news209018426 (PhysOrg.com) -- The rules that govern the world of the very small, quantum mechanics, are known for being bizarre. One of the strangest tenets is something called quantum entanglement, in which two or more objects (such as particles of light, called photons) become inextricably linked, so that measuring certain properties of one object reveals information about the other(s), even if they are separated by thousands of miles. Einstein found the consequences of entanglement so unpalatable he famously dubbed it "spooky action at a distance." http://phys.org/news204985597.html Physics Wed, 29 Sep 2010 13:27:01 EST news204985597 (PhysOrg.com) -- Researchers describe how to carry out the first experimental test of string theory in a paper published tomorrow in Physical Review Letters. http://phys.org/news202553083.html Physics Wed, 01 Sep 2010 09:45:07 EST news202553083 One of the many intriguing puzzles in physics is the strange behavior of the electron as it fractionalizes into two separate quasiparticles. These quasiparticles, called spinons and chargons (or holons), carry the electron’s spin and charge, respectively. In a new study, physicists Cenke Xu and Subir Sachdev of Harvard University have investigated this phenomenon, called spin-charge separation, and have developed a model that unifies two previous theories to propose a more complete electron fractionalization process. http://phys.org/news200828132.html Physics Thu, 12 Aug 2010 10:38:38 EST news200828132 A team of Harvard physicists led by Mikhail D. Lukin has achieved the first-ever quantum entanglement of photons and solid-state materials. The work marks a key advance toward practical quantum networks, as the first experimental demonstration of a means by which solid-state quantum bits, or "qubits," can communicate with one another over long distances. http://phys.org/news200075023.html Physics Wed, 04 Aug 2010 13:00:25 EST news200075023 (PhysOrg.com) -- One of the widely accepted properties of quantum entanglement is secrecy. Since scientists and researchers began working with quantum key distribution, entanglement has been considered an essential part of keeping communications private. What if entanglement didn't always mean secrecy, though? New work is shedding light on the nature of entanglement and quantum key distribution - and possibly proving that a high degree of entanglement does not necessarily lead to complete secrecy. http://phys.org/news197530666.html Physics Mon, 05 Jul 2010 08:30:01 EST news197530666 (PhysOrg.com) -- Many animals possess some kind of magnetic sense, allowing them to navigate by using a magnetic field. The ability to detect a magnetic field, called magnetoreception, has been observed in a variety of animals, including birds, turtles, sharks, lobsters, cows, fungi, and bacteria. However, scientists do not fully understand the mechanisms responsible for this ability. In a new study, physicists have investigated the role of quantum interactions in magnetoreception, and have shown that quantum technologies could be used to enhance or reduce the performance of an animal’s chemical compass, and potentially control other biological functions. http://phys.org/news196322276.html Physics Mon, 21 Jun 2010 08:20:02 EST news196322276 The future of clean green solar power may well hinge on scientists being able to unravel the mysteries of photosynthesis, the process by which green plants convert sunlight into electrochemical energy. To this end, researchers with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)'s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and the University of California (UC), Berkeley have recorded the first observation and characterization of a critical physical phenomenon behind photosynthesis known as quantum entanglement. http://phys.org/news192726440.html Physics Mon, 10 May 2010 16:07:42 EST news192726440 (PhysOrg.com) -- To build a quantum computer, it's essential to be able to quickly and efficiently manipulate the quantum states of qubits. The qubits, which are the basic unit of quantum information, can be composed of many different kinds of materials, although some work much better than others. With the goal of identifying which physical entities make the best qubits, a team of physicists from the University of California, Santa Barbara, has developed a list of characteristics and qualities that a material defect called deep centers should have in order to exhibit superior quantum mechanical properties. http://phys.org/news192184786.html Physics Tue, 04 May 2010 09:40:08 EST news192184786 Physicists have finally managed to demonstrate quantum entanglement of spatially separated electrons in solid state circuitry. http://phys.org/news182430388.html Physics Mon, 11 Jan 2010 11:07:07 EST news182430388 (PhysOrg.com) -- Many scientists believe that quantum entanglement is required in order for effective quantum computing. Entanglement takes place when there is a connection that exists between two objects - even when they are spatially separated - that allows what happens to one to happen to the other. The link is such that each entangled object cannot be adequately described without its counterpart. So far, entangling qubits for practical use has been difficult, since scientists want to be able to entangle several qubits at once. http://phys.org/news176364815.html Physics Mon, 02 Nov 2009 11:20:01 EST news176364815