Human-Neanderthal coupling was rare: study

The squat, low-browed Neanderthals lived in parts of Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East
A photographer takes pictures of the Neanderthal man ancestor's reconstruction, displayed in a show of the Prehistoric Museum in Halle, eastern Germany. Scientists have shown that modern humans have some traces of genes from Neanderthals, but a study out Monday suggests that any breeding between the two was most likely a rare event.

Scientists have shown that modern humans have some traces of genes from Neanderthals, but a study out Monday suggests that any breeding between the two was most likely a rare event.

The new computational model, based on from modern humans in France and China, shows successful coupling happened at a rate of less than two percent.

The research suggests that either inter-species sex was very taboo, or that the hybrid offspring had trouble surviving, according to the findings in the .

There may have been "extremely strong barriers to between the two species because of a very low fitness of human-Neanderthal hybrids, a very strong avoidance of interspecific mating, or a combination," said the study by researchers at the University of Geneva and the University of Berne in Switzerland.

Between two and four percent of the can be linked to the long-extinct Neanderthals and their cavemen relatives.

The squat, low-browed Neanderthals lived in parts of Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East for up to 300,000 years but all evidence of them disappears some 40,000 years ago, their last known refuge being Gibraltar.

Why they died out is a matter of some debate, because they co-existed alongside modern man.

A study by French researchers published in the journal Science last month suggested that modern humans gleaned a competitive immune advantage from their liaisons with cavemen.

However, scientists still have no evidence to suggest the nature of those sexual encounters, whether violent or consensual.

Previous studies have also suggested that were crowded out by modern humans, and that the death blow to their species may have been accelerated by a spate of harsh, wintry weather.

More information: “Strong reproductive isolation between humans and Neanderthals inferred from observed patterns of introgression,” by Mathias Currat and Laurent Excoffier, PNAS (2011).

(c) 2011 AFP

Citation: Human-Neanderthal coupling was rare: study (2011, September 12) retrieved 19 March 2024 from https://phys.org/news/2011-09-human-neanderthal-coupling-rare.html
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