Galaxy NGC 4214: A star formation laboratory

May 12, 2011

Galaxy NGC 4214: A star formation laboratory

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Galaxy NGC 4214, pictured here in an image from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope’s newest camera, is an ideal location to study star formation and evolution. Dominating much of the galaxy is a huge glowing cloud of hydrogen gas in which new stars are being born. A heart-shaped hollow — possibly galaxy NGC 4214’s most eye-catching feature — can be seen at the centre of this. Inside this cavity lies a large cluster of massive, young stars ranging in temperature from 10,000 to 50,000 degrees Celsius. Their strong stellar winds are responsible for the creation of this bubble. These features have the effect of stemming any further star formation due to the subsequent lack of gas. Credit: NASA, ESA and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)-ESA/Hubble Collaboration. Acknowledgment: R. O’Connell (University of Virginia) and the WFC3 Scientific Oversight Committee

(PhysOrg.com) -- Hubble’s newest camera has taken an image of galaxy NGC 4214. This galaxy glows brightly with young stars and gas clouds, and is an ideal laboratory to research star formation and evolution.

Size isn't everything... in astronomy, at least. Dwarf galaxy NGC 4214 may be small, but what it lacks in size it makes up for in content. It is packed with everything an astronomer could ask for, from hot, young star-forming regions to old clusters with red supergiants.

The intricate patterns of glowing ionised hydrogen , cavities blown clear of gas by stellar wind, and bright stellar clusters of NGC 4214 can be seen in this optical and near-infrared image, taken using the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) instrument on the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope.

A huge heart-shaped cavity — possibly the galaxy's most eye-catching feature — can be seen at the centre of the image. Inside this hole lies a large cluster of massive, young ranging in temperature from 10 000 to 50 000 degrees Celsius. Their strong stellar winds are responsible for the creation of this hollow area. The resulting lack of gas prevents any further star formation from occurring in this region.

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Credit: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)-ESA/Hubble Collaboration. Acknowledgment: R. O’Connell (University of Virginia) and the WFC3 Scientific Oversight Committee

Located around 10 million light-years away in the constellation of Canes Venatici (The Hunting Dogs), the galaxy's relative close proximity to us, combined with the wide variety of evolutionary stages among the stars, makes it an ideal laboratory to research what triggers star formation and evolution. By chance, there is relatively little interstellar dust between us and NGC 4214, making our measurements of it more accurate.

NGC 4214 contains a large amount of gas, some of which can be seen glowing red in the image, providing abundant material for . The area with the most hydrogen gas, and consequently, the youngest clusters of stars (around two million years old), lies in the upper part of this image. Like most of the features in the image, this area is visible due to ionisation of the surrounding gas by the ultraviolet light of a young cluster of stars within.

Observations of this dwarf galaxy have also revealed clusters of much older red supergiant stars that we see at a late stage in their evolution. Additional older stars can be seen dotted all across the galaxy. While these are dominant in infrared emission they can only be seen shining faintly in this visible-light image. The variety of stars at different stages in their evolution, indicate that the recent and ongoing starburst periods are by no means the first, and the galaxy's numerous ionised hydrogen regions suggest they will not be the last.

Provided by ESA/Hubble Information Centre search and more info website

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omatumr
May 12, 2011

Rank: 1 / 5 (5)
Thanks for the report.

We definitely need to improve our understanding of the formation, composition, and source of energy of stars.

If we continue to live with the illusion that we can control NATURE, instead of listening to messages (information) from NATURE, we will live in ignorance and the threat of destruction by unexpected events and surprising observations, e.g.,

1. "Scientists surprised by solar wind data . . ."

www.physorg.com/n...ion.html

2. Scientists surprised by explosions in the Crab Nebula . . .

Sometimes nature herself intervenes, like todays news reports of explosions in the remains of the Crab Nebula, the supernova that exploded in ~1054 AD.

www.physorg.com/n...ula.html

www.bbc.co.uk/new...13362958

With kind regards,
Oliver K. Manuel
Former NASA Principal
Investigator for Apollo

omatumr
May 12, 2011

Rank: 1 / 5 (5)
Misinformation about the origin, composition, and operation of the Sun - Earth's heat source [1] tricked:

The US National Academy of Sciences, the UK's Royal Society, the UN's IPCC, world leaders (Al Gore & Associates), and government research agencies, leading research journals (Nature, Science, Proceedings of the US National Academy and the UK's Royal Society) and the news media (BBC, PBS, CBS, The New York Times, etc) into believing that

1.) Mankind can control NATURE, and

2.) We can ignore data and observations on NATURE.

The result: The USA is in decline. The misuse of science as a propaganda tool is dangerous.

[1] "Earth's Heat Source - The Sun", Energy & Environment 20 (2009) 131-144
http://arxiv.org/pdf/0905.0704
Johannes414
May 12, 2011

Rank: 2.2 / 5 (10)
No matter how often scientists use words like "star formation lab" or "baby galaxies", they still cannot deny that no one has observed the actual birth of a star. Its all vague conjecture based on unverifiable assumptions about supposed self-collapsing gas clouds.
Tuxford
May 12, 2011

Rank: 1 / 5 (3)
So all these 'young' stars formed simultaneously in the same region, before just one or two could blow a bubble in the same region, shutting down the cloud condensation process? Is that what I am supposed to believe??? Tell me more....
that_guy
May 12, 2011

Rank: 4.3 / 5 (6)
No matter how often scientists use words like "star formation lab" or "baby galaxies", they still cannot deny that no one has observed the actual birth of a star. Its all vague conjecture based on unverifiable assumptions about supposed self-collapsing gas clouds.

You can believe anything you want. Without the benefit of a few million years to watch a cloud and collapse into a star, I would say that the current theory fits the evidence we have pretty well. A large portion of accepted theories are accepted because most intelligent people believe the theory makes the most sense out of the theories available.

Until you present evidence (FACTS) to the contrary, or provide a logical explanation that fits the facts better, you should stop complaining, and leave these deductions to the experts.. Do you find sherlock holmes novels to be utterly confusing as well?
71STARS
May 12, 2011

Rank: 1.5 / 5 (8)
@Johannes414: You are ABSOLUTELY right. The concept that stars form from "self-collapsing clouds" can never be explained in detail. If you read the attempted sequence of events, it simply is not possible, and of course it is because it doesn't happen that way! Instead, when Suns shed a portion of themselves, then all those gas clouds (nebulous clouds) are merely the "afterbirth" of such an event. Only when this is caught on tape will it be possible to do away with the accretion theory.

P.S. For those of you who believe in the accretion theory, have you ever wondered how these clouds decide who gets to be a Sun or a Planet or a Moon? (This should have been a clue as to how and why this theory is so erroneous.)
PaulieMac
May 13, 2011

Rank: 4.4 / 5 (7)
No matter how often scientists use words like "star formation lab" or "baby galaxies", they still cannot deny that no one has observed the actual birth of a star. Its all vague conjecture based on unverifiable assumptions about supposed self-collapsing gas clouds.


And your alternative theory? I'm sure you have one. Why not just say it?

Your 'argument' - if I may be so generous as to term it that - is very familiar; 'no one has ever personally observed x'. Usually, 'x' is replaced with 'evolution', or with 'abiogenesis', and the argument is one of the tired old horses ridden by the creationist gang.

Thus, I conjecture that your alternative 'theory' is: 'god did it'. Am I wrong?
omatumr
May 13, 2011

Rank: 1.4 / 5 (5)
No matter how often scientists use words like "star formation lab" or "baby galaxies", they still cannot deny that no one has observed the actual birth of a star. Its all vague conjecture based on unverifiable assumptions about supposed self-collapsing gas clouds.


Your 'argument' - if I may be so generous as to term it that - is very familiar; 'no one has ever personally observed x'. Usually, 'x' is replaced with 'evolution', or with 'abiogenesis', and the argument is one of the tired old horses ridden by the creationist gang.

Thus, I conjecture that your alternative 'theory' is: 'god did it'. Am I wrong?


Yes, it is wrong to think that you know what other people are thinking.
omatumr
May 13, 2011

Rank: 1 / 5 (5)
No matter how often scientists use words like "star formation lab" or "baby galaxies", they still cannot deny that no one has observed the actual birth of a star. Its all vague conjecture based on unverifiable assumptions about supposed self-collapsing gas clouds.


You are right.

Misinformation about the formation of the Sun - Earth's heat source - is at the core of the ill-advised efforts by Al Gore, the UN's IPCC, and an army of government paid climatologists to claim that they can stop climate change.

Continuous climate change is recorded in the geologic record of this planet and in the evolution of life itself on the Earth's skin (biosphere).

With kind regards,
Oliver K. Manuel
PaulieMac
May 13, 2011

Rank: 4.3 / 5 (6)
Oliver - the day I take moral pointers from a man like you will never, ever come.

Regardless; I never claimed knowledge, I hypothesised. His 'argument' is typical of deniers of science.
Johannes414
May 13, 2011

Rank: 2.1 / 5 (7)
"A large portion of accepted theories are accepted because most intelligent people believe the theory makes the most sense out of the theories available."

So a theory is true because a controlled group of people believe in it? And you call yourself a critic of religion?
PaulieMac
May 13, 2011

Rank: 4.2 / 5 (5)
So a theory is true because a controlled group of people believe in it? And you call yourself a critic of religion?


Straw man. I didn't say what I believed. Nor did I call myself anything. You posted a well-worn 'argument' which is very often used by creationists. I asked you to clarify your position... You object to the standard scientific model of stellar formation; I don't have a problem with that. What do you propose as the alternative?
omatumr
May 13, 2011

Rank: 1 / 5 (5)
So a theory is true because a controlled group of people believe in it? And you call yourself a critic of religion?


Yes. That is how the herd instinct works in "wanna-be" scientists and a few not-too bright leaders of popular cosmology.

There is, in fact, no conflict between cosmology and spirituality [1]:

[1] "Is the Universe Expanding?"
The Journal of Cosmology 13, 4187-4190 (2011)

http://journalofc...102.html

- Oliver

omatumr
May 13, 2011

Rank: 1 / 5 (4)
I never claimed knowledge, I hypothesised. His 'argument' is typical of deniers of science.


And your hypothesis is typical of . . . (?)
PaulieMac
May 13, 2011

Rank: 5 / 5 (5)

And your hypothesis is typical of . . . (?)


My hypothesis that Johannes sports a creationist agenda? I don't know, Chester - you tell me. What is it typical of?
that_guy
May 13, 2011

Rank: 5 / 5 (1)
"A large portion of accepted theories are accepted because most intelligent people believe the theory makes the most sense out of the theories available."

So a theory is true because a controlled group of people believe in it? And you call yourself a critic of religion?


...I didn't even bring up religion, much less call myself a critic. Please, practice critical reading skills!!!

My point is that in a case like star formation, the intelligent deductions are the most likely to be right out of our pool of knowledge. They're not always going to be right, but this is the way we got the theory that we are made of atoms, newtons laws of gravity, the earth being round and orbiting the sun. I'd say this one is in league with a fairly good track record.

I am a critic of non-process non-empirical spiritual thinking trying to argue with scientific thinking. They are seperate things. if you don't believe in science, then why are you on a science site?
that_guy
May 13, 2011

Rank: 5 / 5 (1)

And your hypothesis is typical of . . . (?)


My hypothesis that Johannes sports a creationist agenda? I don't know, Chester - you tell me. What is it typical of?


Oliver, the day I take moral pointers from a man like you will never come


LOL

I'd like to ad a question for oliver on how his relationship with god affects his actions in his family and personal life. or does god only affect things in the scientific world for him and not the spiritual one?

@pauliemac - I think that critic of religion thing was aimed at me, because he was quoting my comment.

71STARS
May 15, 2011

Rank: 4 / 5 (4)
It's a shame that intelligent people like all of you on this site cannot refrain from interposing a god into the formation of stars. I am sick and tired of trying to read perhaps some informative comments but instead, get bogged down in religious dogma. All of this garbage garble and not one ounce of "star formation" subject. It's time to stop it!
Johannes414
May 15, 2011

Rank: 1 / 5 (5)
Without God there would be no intelligence at all, and knowledge would be impossible. Matter does not know about abstract laws of physics and the laws of logic and reasoning. It takes intelligence to form intelligent beings, not a random process.
Jonseer
May 15, 2011

Rank: 5 / 5 (1)
Without God there would be no intelligence at all, and knowledge would be impossible. Matter does not know about abstract laws of physics and the laws of logic and reasoning. It takes intelligence to form intelligent beings, not a random process.


What's the explanation in your case? You have god on your side, but are definitely NOT intelligent. Is this proof that god makes mistakes! LOL

You're proof there is not god, because if there were one, he wouldn't have made a person so incredibly stupid he would go to science sites to preach religion.
omatumr
May 15, 2011

Rank: 1 / 5 (2)
Without God there would be no intelligence at all, and knowledge would be impossible. Matter does not know about abstract laws of physics and the laws of logic and reasoning. It takes intelligence to form intelligent beings, not a random process.


Please.

Science and spirituality do not conflict.
See: "Is the Universe Expanding?"
Journal of Cosmology 13 (2011) 4187-4190
http://journalofc...102.html

But dogmatic scientists and dogmatic religionists generate conflict with almost everyone.

With kind regards,
Oliver K. Manuel
PaulieMac
May 17, 2011

Rank: 5 / 5 (1)

@pauliemac - I think that critic of religion thing was aimed at me, because he was quoting my comment.



He he yeah, just spotted that... Momentary failure of reading comprehension on my part, apologies!
Rank 5 /5 (1 vote)
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