High levels of toxic particles found in fireworks

Smargiassi conducted one of the first studies examining the composition of the emitted gases and the concentration of the particles. In addition, her study is unique as she collected her data below the fireworks display where spectators usually stand. Previous studies usually collected data from nearby rooftops.

The study was conducted in 2007 during nine separate shows presented at La Ronde amusement park where 5.7 million spectators attend an international fireworks competition every summer.

“We analyzed particles of 2.5 micrometers or less, most of which were about 1 micrometer,” says Smargiassi. “These particles are about the size of bacteria and remain suspended in the air a long time before falling to the ground. The smaller they are, the more likely they are to find their way into the respiratory system.”

“The shows lasted 30 minutes. The filters recorded concentrations of more than 1,000 micrograms per cubic meter for 45 minutes,” says Smargiassi. “The peaks reached 10,000 micrograms per cubic meter, which is a thousand times above normal concentrations.”

These particles can travel long distances. Certain meteorological stations 14 kilometers away from the amusement park recorded concentrations five times greater than normal. Thankfully, normal levels returned quickly.

The particles in question are mostly potassium, manganese, titanium, chlorine and aluminum. The question is can these elements cause health problems?

According to Smargiassi, there is a risk for people suffering from respiratory problems. In fact, the amusement park has signs recommending that people suffering from such problems leave the park during the show. However, Smargiassi believes that people with cardiovascular diseases such as arrhythmia, ischemia, or a history of heart attacks should also avoid the smoke from fireworks.

Previous studies have shown that regular exposure to such contaminants can increase the likelihood of heart troubles. She insists that people shouldn't avoid fireworks but people with certain health problems should be cautious.

Provided by University of Montreal