(PhysOrg.com) -- Scientists studying dolphin behavior have suggested they could be the most intelligent creatures on Earth after humans, saying the size of their brains in relation to body size is larger than that of our closest relatives, the chimpanzees, and their behaviors suggest complex intelligence. One scientist said they should therefore be treated as "non-human persons" and granted rights as individuals.
The behavioral studies showed dolphins (especially the bottlenose) have distinct personalities and self-awareness, and they can think about the future. The research also confirmed dolphins have complex social structures, with individuals co-operating to solve difficult problems or to round up shoals of fish to eat, and with new behaviors being passed from one dolphin to another.
Several examples of learning being passed on to other individuals have been observed. In one case a rescued dolphin in South Australia, taught to tail-walk during recuperation, in turn taught the trick to other wild dolphins in the Port Adelaide river estuary when she was released. According to marine biologist Mike Bossley it was "like watching a dance craze take off", with the dolphins apparently learning the trick just for fun, since tail-walking has no natural function.
Work carried out by professor of psychology at the City University of New York, Diana Reiss, showed dolphins could recognize themselves in a mirror, and could use it to inspect other parts of their bodies, an ability previously only demonstrated in humans and a few animals such as apes, elephants and pigs. In another study Reiss was able to teach captive dolphins a rudimentary language based on symbols.
In anatomical studies of the dolphin, zoologist Lori Marino and colleagues from Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia in the US, used MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans to map the brains of dolphins and compare them with the brains of primates. She found the ratio of dolphin brain mass to body size to be second only to the human brain, which means dolphin brains are relatively larger than those of chimpanzees.
The neocortex and cerebral cortex of the bottlenose dolphins were particularly large and the cortex had similar convoluted folds to those found in human brains and strongly associated with intelligence. Cortical folds increase the volume of the cortex and its capacity for interconnections to form. Marino said the findings on brain anatomy and intelligence of dolphins mean we should re-examine the treatment of dolphins, especially when their treatment results in suffering.
Reiss and Marino say their behavioral and anatomical findings and our new understanding of dolphin intelligence mean it may not be ethical to keep dolphins in aquatic amusement parks for our entertainment, or to kill them for food. Around 300,000 whales, dolphins, and porpoises die each year, with some being killed for food, such as the annual killing of thousands of dolphins and small whales in Taijii, Japan, or even to prove the manhood of those killing them, such as the slaughter of Calderon dolphins at Faroe Island, in Denmark.
Reiss and Marino will present their findings at a conference in San Diego, California next month. Also speaking at the conference will be professor of ethics and business at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles, Thomas White, who said the new research adds weight to his ideas that dolphins should be regarded as "non-human persons" with the right to be treated as individuals. White is the author of the book "In Defense of Dolphins".
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Group calls for ban on dolphin therapy

joefarah
1.8 / 5 (32) Jan 06, 2010freethinking
1.4 / 5 (29) Jan 06, 2010Its like arguing with certain germans in the 1930-1940's saying jews are human.
zevkirsh
1.7 / 5 (24) Jan 06, 2010this isn't news. it's crap. it's like me saying dogs are smart and that i love them so much. that's not news.
keep this trash off physorg
otto1923
3.3 / 5 (13) Jan 06, 2010Obviously.
So we should consider in this case whether or not dolphins can serve in the armed forces of their own free will; and in fact we know they can:
http://en.wikiped..._dolphin
(that was too easy)
This leaves only their duty to declare allegience to a country (or to sue for independence through the appropriate advocacy groups) and be considered eligible to vote. RFID implants could be used to keep track of their financial worth.
nada
3.6 / 5 (22) Jan 06, 2010We spend $$$$ on science programs trying to find other earth-like planets and listen for signs of intelligent life out in the galaxy.
HOWEVER, we DON'T try to establish communications with other obviously intelligent creatures on THIS planet - Why? No scientific reason - just a huge EGO problem. "they're just animals!"
And every time some independent researcher actually tries, the world scoffs at the results.
Humans are idiots.
clanlinn
4.6 / 5 (20) Jan 06, 2010Phelankell
4 / 5 (13) Jan 06, 2010They've also hearded people towards sharks to distract the sharks from their food sources and hidden young. Don't assume they're entirely altruistic, they do realize that we feed them.
I'm intrigued by the study of dolphins. How wonderful would it be to discover that advanced sentience isn't limited to homonids alone.
bcode
4.4 / 5 (17) Jan 06, 2010Nada couldn't have said it better... We've spent over $30 million on Radio Dishes to search for ET life - but god forbid we spend $1500 on a peer-reveiwed study that might change the way we think about intelligent life on our own planet.
Remember, less than 100 years ago people were hanged for saying a black man had rights or was "Human." Let's not forget where we came from... and where we're trying to go.
Simonsez
4.3 / 5 (15) Jan 06, 201015 years from now, we will have dolphins harvesting coral on our coral plantations, singing sad dolphin songs.
BigTone
3.7 / 5 (13) Jan 06, 2010The researchers need to do more to prove intellectual prowess by testing actual capabilities before making any claims about this species status as a critically thinking biological equal...
And yes I like dolphins too
Hernan
4.3 / 5 (6) Jan 06, 2010Foolish1
3 / 5 (8) Jan 06, 2010What if some advanced fish developed an underwater city and started targeting humans on the surface with atomic death rays because they were on the loosing end of that equation?
Brain size and folds don't tell the whole story. My understanding from previous articles on the subject is that the sort of mesh level (density interconnections with other nerves) are very important -- perhaps even the most important indicator of intelligence. Looking at size and shape of structures alone is just scratching the surface of this issue.
Simonsez
4.1 / 5 (12) Jan 06, 2010Ok, that was in poor taste, I just couldn't resist.
I think it is just an "oh, PETA :rolleyes:*" statement. Should dolphins as a sentient organism be given 'special' treatment re: not being killed or eaten? Certainly. Should they be entitled to purchase property and allowed to vote, etc.? Not until we have a consistent method of communication on an everyday level between our species. Is this a societal change that will be accepted around the world? Certainly not. Case in point: apes/chimpanzees are intelligent enough to learn a language (sign language) and communicate with humans; people still eat monkey brains and other bush meat.
mklnk
2.8 / 5 (9) Jan 06, 2010Hernan
3.9 / 5 (11) Jan 06, 2010Paradox
2.8 / 5 (13) Jan 06, 2010That is a bunch of B.S. Show us some evidence for your claim.
Phelankell
3.8 / 5 (12) Jan 06, 2010http://luna.pos.t...ler.html
http://www.nwf.or...eep.aspx
There are many articles concerning dolphin on human as well as dolphin on dolphin violence out there. There's a reason why people want the practice of "dolphin therapy" banned, and it has nothing to do with exploitation or harming dolphins.
otto1923
2.3 / 5 (6) Jan 06, 2010-I was reflecting on this type of designation for terminal cancer patients who wanted to sign away their rights to full humanhood in return for access to unapproved therapies. Healthy but untouchable-? Temporary somehow like incarceration?
There are already gradations based upon trust- not safe outside prison, only safe with supervision, cant vote or protect onesself because of prior felony; as well as credit limitations which can seriously reduce quality of life.
Just cause dolphins dont have feet and a middle finger dont mean they couldnt walk all over ya. Just wait- gene engineering gives apes and dolphins and maybe mules voiceboxes-
Zev buddy- maybe youre one of the few that antidepressants would actually help >:[
rubberman
1 / 5 (4) Jan 06, 2010VINDOC
1.8 / 5 (16) Jan 06, 2010GrayMouser
3 / 5 (9) Jan 06, 2010More to the point:
HealingMindN
3.8 / 5 (9) Jan 06, 2010I thought dolphins beach themselves to escape brain damage when the Navy sonar throws off their sonar, like whales.
How do we know that's not happening now? The navy uses them for experiments: http://www.essort...rjms.htm
I'm still waiting for that word on how to treat our non-human ET friends.
Klosa
4.5 / 5 (8) Jan 06, 2010Obviously not all dolphins do this for food, some are just stupid like some humans are stupid and decide that jumping into the polar bear habitat at the zoo is okay.
Secondly, dogs know the difference between sand and water too. Dogs are very smart, can learn a variety of commands and tricks, and are generally able to see sand as well as a dolphin. I don't know a thing about how exactly smart dolphins are, but from what I've read, dolphins have better abstract thinking and problem solving skills than dogs.
NeilFarbstein
1.6 / 5 (9) Jan 07, 2010Sinister181
2.9 / 5 (9) Jan 07, 2010Dogs have also been known to rescue people. What is your point exactly? Should we also treat dogs like people too? Chimpanzees and even crows have been shown to use primitive tools. What is it that makes dolphins worthy of people status, and other animals simply "animals"? Oh wait, it's their "brains in relation to body size." *Sigh*
Bitflux
1.4 / 5 (10) Jan 07, 2010Try widen your perspective to a global one! The greatest disease this planet has contracted is called "Homo Sapiens" - i hope i'm dead when it mutates into "Homo Superior"
Phelankell
4.8 / 5 (6) Jan 07, 2010Seeing as they don't have hands your argument is fairly foolish.
Dolphins self identify and give themselves names. They use these names to communicate and announce their presence and locations to each other. They coordinate and attack or defend like military units do. There's stacks and stacks of research on how dolphins communicate in almost the same ways as humans do with each other. Just because we don't understand it doesn't mean they don't.
DarwiN100
4 / 5 (4) Jan 07, 2010Phelankell
3.5 / 5 (4) Jan 07, 2010You mean the fishing villages in Japan that are primarily Korean or the government, which is trying to ban the process.
DarwiN100
3 / 5 (6) Jan 07, 2010Let me clarify, to make it simple... Tell it to all those Japanese who are eating dolphins in restaurants or otherwise.
If you cannot stop the industry, you can always try to reason with people..
And government not being able to stop this? You actually believe this?..
A second biggest economy in the world can manage without this disgrace, dont u think so?
And help those villagers to live on pig farms instead..
Phelankell
2.1 / 5 (7) Jan 07, 2010DarwiN100
3.4 / 5 (5) Jan 07, 2010After all, we are not talking here about feeding 50 million people...
Beren1hand
3.5 / 5 (4) Jan 07, 2010luwanna1305
4 / 5 (4) Jan 07, 2010danlgarmstrong
1 / 5 (1) Jan 07, 2010Maybe long enough that we can get some non-human intelligences (computers of course) in to run the economy and infrastructure for us! Everyone will benefit.
nelsonljohnson
not rated yet Jan 07, 2010I suspect that dolphins are the "next most intelligent" animals on the planet, depending of course on what we mean by "intelligent." It is very likely that they have not developed a universal language. Would it not be great to teach them one? Will we regret it?
Phelankell
2 / 5 (4) Jan 07, 2010Enjoy your ivory tower.
otto1923
1 / 5 (1) Jan 07, 2010Well, I assume they could draw duty and hazard pay which could subject them to income tax. They could use their income to pay in part for illness caused by sonar and pollutants (or for health insurance), or for legal representation to recover such. The question is. what do dolphins WANT? They havent shown much inclination beyond eating and playing that a disposable income could be used for. Although I certainly wouldnt call them 'useless eaters'. Dolphins could be trained for terrorist missions against japanese whalers thereby saving much fiberglas and kevlar, but if caught could they be found culpable? I say tweek their genes a little, lets hear whats on their minds. We may have a responsibility to educate them if they attain citizenship. Or them us? Its a living-
paulthebassguy
1 / 5 (1) Jan 07, 2010OdinsAcolyte
not rated yet Jan 07, 2010NextwaveRay
5 / 5 (2) Jan 07, 2010Badinoff
3 / 5 (2) Jan 08, 2010"So Long and Thanks For All The Fish!"
QKRTHNU
not rated yet Jan 08, 2010http://www.youtub...gnWNZzdg
Paradox
5 / 5 (2) Jan 08, 2010I STILL didn't see anything about Dolphins "herding' people towards sharks.
Of course they are wild animals, and have bitten people. If you were a dolphin, and some guy jumped in the water and started fondling you, you would probably bite him too...
Phelankell
not rated yet Jan 08, 2010I appreciated the reference. Someone out there is no fun with the insta-1 rating.
dolphin
not rated yet Jan 09, 2010Dear Fellow Humans,
On behalf of all dolphins in the oceans of the world, we are ashamed that you would consider calling us "non-human" persons.
We demand a formal apology and 10 million tons of fish as reparations for your comments.
Thank you.
Dolphine XVII
Prime Minister of Dolphinatica
DSNA (Dolphin States of the North Atlantic)
otto1923
3 / 5 (2) Jan 09, 2010DocM
not rated yet Jan 10, 2010acarrilho
not rated yet Jan 10, 2010And if absolutely no one felt that was a problem, it wouldn't be. It is, because people develop attachments and empathy. Being a member of the same species a human doesn't require the intellect, another species does. It's a balance of sorts...
mlange
1 / 5 (1) Jan 10, 2010nada
5 / 5 (1) Jan 10, 2010Recall that the United States treats "corporations" as non-human persons TODAY!
jimbo92107
5 / 5 (2) Jan 10, 2010You mean like we treat Afghanis and Iraqis and Mexicans and Nigerians and Ethiopians and everybody else that doesn't look like us and talk like us?
Phelankell
5 / 5 (1) Jan 10, 2010Not a balance. It's a bias. A genetic bias to defend those that share our traits. ie: other humans. That's why we anthropomorphosize features of our pets. So we can mentally relate to them.
dan42day
1 / 5 (2) Jan 10, 2010greg_woulf
not rated yet Jan 11, 2010I think when Dolphins ask to be let out of parks they should be. If anything the tail walking trick would show that for that individual dolphin his time in captivity was beneficial.
Think of how popular he must be now after showing all the others his trick.
RobertKarlStonjek
1 / 5 (1) Jan 18, 2010Apart from that, the dolphin brain has far more taken up by the senses due to their use of echolocation etc etc all explained in detail in 'Do Animals Think?' by Clive D.L.Wilson, Princeton University Press, 2004
hman
5 / 5 (1) Jan 18, 2010Areas that count are more dense:
"A high ratio is necessary for such things as emotional control, objectivity, reality orientation, humor, logically consistent abstract thought, and higher creativity. There seems to be a clear correspondence between the ratio and these abilities. Cetaceans have a ratio that surpasses even the healthiest of humans. This is supported by behavior studies of captured dolphins who show a high amount of playfulness and enjoyment even when in captivity. Humans under such circumstances would not fare quite so well."
More measurements to contemplate:
https://www.msu.e...tm#sect2
We don't understand as much as we think we do and should respect all as we would respect ourselves.
FUNDAMENTAL COMMON SENSE
Phelankell
not rated yet Jan 19, 2010